This study is interested in the nature of the productions in the peri-urban agricultural concessions of the commune of Mont-Ngafula in Kinshasa. It is based on the concept of production system and questionnaire surveys. The results show that the agricultural concessions surveyed carry out several types of production of plant and animal. Fruit arboriculture is the most important type of crop in terms of area occupied and visibility. His development is linked to its capacity to quickly develop the land and to occupy it over the long term, necessary and sufficient conditions to obtain and keep the long-term occupation contract. This document is the only land title legally recognized by the Congolese state to users of agricultural concessions. Beyond the legal and environmental advantages linked to arboriculture fruit, the article proposes the use of an innovative fruit agroforestry approach, consisting in the participative domestication of fruits trees with high nutritional and commercial value mixed with food crops and animal production in order to contribute the increase of the food offer in the markets of Kinshasa and the professionalization of fruit arboriculture.