Faced with the degradation of natural resources linked mainly to the phenomenon of climate variability in Africa, the Assisted Natural Regeneration (ANR) strategy is more and more recommended to certain farmers in West Africa. This article therefore aims to assess the impact of Assisted Natural Regeneration on flora in agro-ecosystems in the southern Sudanian agro-climatic zone of Burkina Faso. The research took place on the outskirts of the Classified Forest and Partial Wildlife Reserve of Comoé Léraba located in the southwestern part of Burkina Faso. The field work on the identification of the floristic composition and the structure in the fields under ANR shows that the composition of the flora in the parcel of land under ANR contains 93.5% of the total of the species listed. This reveals the will of the producers to diversify the species in the fields under ANR. This study allowed the determination of the phytoecological characteristics of agricultural areas under ANR and encourages the popularization of ANR in the southern Sudanian zone, as a strategy for anticipating the degradation of natural resources which compromises agroforestry production.