Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2015, Pages 8–14
Anges Yadouleton1, C. Vodounon2, C. Chabi3, Ramziyath Agbanrin4, K. Badirou5, R. Attolou6, Fabrice Ursins7, H. Allagbé8, and M. Akogbéto9
1 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Benin
2 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou-Université de Parakou, Benin
3 Université de Parakou, Faculté de Médecine, Benin
4 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
5 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
6 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
7 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
8 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
9 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
Original language: English
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Background: Agricultural pesticides may play a profound role in selection of resistance in field populations of mosquito vectors. The objective of this study is to investigate possible links between agricultural pesticides use and development of resistance to insecticides by the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae from cotton field.
Method: Susceptibility to 4% DDT, 0.05% deltamethrin, 0.75% permethrin, 0.1% bendiocarb was assessed using the WHO standard procedures for adult mosquitoes from cotton field. Tests were carried out with two to three days-old, non-engorged female mosquitoes. The An. gambiae Kisumu strain was used as a reference. Knockdown effect was recorded every 5 min and mortality scored 24 h after exposure. Mosquitoes were identified to species and molecular form by PCR-RFLP and genotypes at the knock down resistance (kdr) and, acetylcholinesterase mutations were determined in surviving specimens.
Results: During this survey, full susceptibility to bendiocarb was recorded in all samples. WHO diagnostic tests showed high frequency of resistance in An. gambiae to permethrin (ranging from 3% to 4% mortality), deltamethrin (13% to 22%), DDT (1.01% to 2%) in the seven selected areas. The Kdr gene seemed the main target- site resistance mechanism detected at the rates ranging from ranging from 65 to 71%.
The frequency of ace-1R gene was found but at very low frequency (< 0.1).
Conclusion: This investigation of malaria vector susceptibility to insecticides revealed a strong resistance to pyrethroid insecticides (permethrin and deltamethrin).
This Pyrethroid resistance may seriously jeopardize the efficacy of of IRS and LLINs on which, most African countries including Benin, rely to reduce malaria transmission.
The current findings will help for decision making in the National Malaria control program particularly in the choice of insecticide to use during campaigns of Indoor residual spraying in this part of Benin.
Author Keywords: Cotton, Anopheles gambiae, Insecticide, Resistance, Banikoara, Benin.
Anges Yadouleton1, C. Vodounon2, C. Chabi3, Ramziyath Agbanrin4, K. Badirou5, R. Attolou6, Fabrice Ursins7, H. Allagbé8, and M. Akogbéto9
1 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou, Benin
2 Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou-Université de Parakou, Benin
3 Université de Parakou, Faculté de Médecine, Benin
4 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
5 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
6 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
7 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
8 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
9 Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), 06 BP 2604 Cotonou, Benin
Original language: English
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: Agricultural pesticides may play a profound role in selection of resistance in field populations of mosquito vectors. The objective of this study is to investigate possible links between agricultural pesticides use and development of resistance to insecticides by the major malaria vector Anopheles gambiae from cotton field.
Method: Susceptibility to 4% DDT, 0.05% deltamethrin, 0.75% permethrin, 0.1% bendiocarb was assessed using the WHO standard procedures for adult mosquitoes from cotton field. Tests were carried out with two to three days-old, non-engorged female mosquitoes. The An. gambiae Kisumu strain was used as a reference. Knockdown effect was recorded every 5 min and mortality scored 24 h after exposure. Mosquitoes were identified to species and molecular form by PCR-RFLP and genotypes at the knock down resistance (kdr) and, acetylcholinesterase mutations were determined in surviving specimens.
Results: During this survey, full susceptibility to bendiocarb was recorded in all samples. WHO diagnostic tests showed high frequency of resistance in An. gambiae to permethrin (ranging from 3% to 4% mortality), deltamethrin (13% to 22%), DDT (1.01% to 2%) in the seven selected areas. The Kdr gene seemed the main target- site resistance mechanism detected at the rates ranging from ranging from 65 to 71%.
The frequency of ace-1R gene was found but at very low frequency (< 0.1).
Conclusion: This investigation of malaria vector susceptibility to insecticides revealed a strong resistance to pyrethroid insecticides (permethrin and deltamethrin).
This Pyrethroid resistance may seriously jeopardize the efficacy of of IRS and LLINs on which, most African countries including Benin, rely to reduce malaria transmission.
The current findings will help for decision making in the National Malaria control program particularly in the choice of insecticide to use during campaigns of Indoor residual spraying in this part of Benin.
Author Keywords: Cotton, Anopheles gambiae, Insecticide, Resistance, Banikoara, Benin.
How to Cite this Article
Anges Yadouleton, C. Vodounon, C. Chabi, Ramziyath Agbanrin, K. Badirou, R. Attolou, Fabrice Ursins, H. Allagbé, and M. Akogbéto, “Cotton production in Benin: a cause of the emergence of insecticide resistance in populations of Anopheles gambiae in Benin,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 8–14, January 2015.
