[ Caractérisation des accidents d’exposition au sang (AES) et leurs déterminants psycho-environnementaux et professionnels au Centre Hospitalier Régional de Kolda (Sud du Sénégal) ]
Volume 25, Issue 2, January 2019, Pages 586–593
Bocar Baïla Diédhiou1, El Hadji Makhtar Ba2, MAME CHEIKH SECK3, and Jean Augustin Diégane Tine4
1 Médecin du travail, District Sanitaire de Sangalkam, MSAS, Dakar, Senegal
2 Professeur assimilé, psychiatre, FMPO, UCAD, Senegal
3 Maître-Assistant en Parasitologie, FMPO, UCAD, Senegal
4 Maître de conférences titulaire en Santé Publique, FMPO, UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
Original language: French
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Blood Exposure Accidents (BEA) are a daily risk faced by the staff of Kolda’s Regional Hospital Center (RHCK).The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of BEA within this structure and to identify their main determinants. We have done a cross-sectional, descriptive study for an analytical purpose carried out over a period of two months. A total of 81 professionals agreed to participate in the study. Forty of them were victims of BEA (49.3%). The average age of the victims was 36.7 years. Women were the most affected (65%). 45% of victims were previously vaccinated against hepatitis B, before the occurrence of the accident. Nurses were more numerous (42.5%) and maternity was the service where the most victims were collected (25%). The mechanism of occurrence of the accident was dominated by the bite (82.5%). The most common procedures involved were surgical suture (20%), injections (20%) and catheterization (20%). The reporting rate was 66.7%. No contamination was observed. Several risk factors for the occurrence of BEA have been identified. They are psychological (stress, tiredness), organizational (overloaded and/or perforated containers, overwork), environmental (lack of lighting, unsuitable premises). Other factors were related to the patients (agitations, emergencies). In addition to this, there is a lack of respect for standard precautions as well as a lack of training and awareness among staff. Conclusion: the study has shown the need to raise awareness, train and improve the working conditions of caregivers.
Author Keywords: stress, organizational aspects, bad practices, awareness.
Volume 25, Issue 2, January 2019, Pages 586–593
Bocar Baïla Diédhiou1, El Hadji Makhtar Ba2, MAME CHEIKH SECK3, and Jean Augustin Diégane Tine4
1 Médecin du travail, District Sanitaire de Sangalkam, MSAS, Dakar, Senegal
2 Professeur assimilé, psychiatre, FMPO, UCAD, Senegal
3 Maître-Assistant en Parasitologie, FMPO, UCAD, Senegal
4 Maître de conférences titulaire en Santé Publique, FMPO, UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
Original language: French
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Blood Exposure Accidents (BEA) are a daily risk faced by the staff of Kolda’s Regional Hospital Center (RHCK).The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of BEA within this structure and to identify their main determinants. We have done a cross-sectional, descriptive study for an analytical purpose carried out over a period of two months. A total of 81 professionals agreed to participate in the study. Forty of them were victims of BEA (49.3%). The average age of the victims was 36.7 years. Women were the most affected (65%). 45% of victims were previously vaccinated against hepatitis B, before the occurrence of the accident. Nurses were more numerous (42.5%) and maternity was the service where the most victims were collected (25%). The mechanism of occurrence of the accident was dominated by the bite (82.5%). The most common procedures involved were surgical suture (20%), injections (20%) and catheterization (20%). The reporting rate was 66.7%. No contamination was observed. Several risk factors for the occurrence of BEA have been identified. They are psychological (stress, tiredness), organizational (overloaded and/or perforated containers, overwork), environmental (lack of lighting, unsuitable premises). Other factors were related to the patients (agitations, emergencies). In addition to this, there is a lack of respect for standard precautions as well as a lack of training and awareness among staff. Conclusion: the study has shown the need to raise awareness, train and improve the working conditions of caregivers.
Author Keywords: stress, organizational aspects, bad practices, awareness.
Abstract: (french)
Les accidents d’exposition au sang (AES) constituent un risque auquel est confronté quotidiennement le personnel du Centre hospitalier régional de Kolda (CHRK). L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la prévalence des AES au sein de cette structure et d’identifier leurs principaux déterminants. Nous avons procédé à une étude transversale, descriptive à visée analytique réalisée sur une période de deux mois. Au total, 81 professionnels ont accepté de participer à l’étude. Quarante d’entre eux ont été victimes d’au moins d’un accident d’exposition au sang (AES) soit 49,3%. L’âge moyen des victimes était de 36,7 ans. Les femmes étaient les plus affectées (65%). 45% des victimes étaient préalablement vaccinées contre l’hépatite B, avant la survenue de l’accident. Les infirmiers d’état étaient plus nombreux (42,5%) et la maternité était le service où le plus de victimes ont été colligées (25%). Le mécanisme de survenue de l’accident était dominé par la piqûre (82,5%). Les gestes en cause les plus fréquents étaient la suture chirurgicale (20%), les injections (20%) et la pose de cathéters (20%). Le taux de déclaration était de 66,7%. Aucune contamination n’a été observée. Plusieurs facteurs de risque de survenue d’AES ont été identifiés. Ils sont d’ordre psychologique (stress, fatigue), organisationnel (conteneurs débordés et/ ou perforés, surcharge du travail), environnemental (défaut d’éclairage, locaux inadaptés). D’autres facteurs étaient liés aux patients (agitations, situations d’urgence). A cela, s’ajoutent le non-respect des précautions standards ainsi que l’absence de formation et de sensibilisation du personnel. Conclusion : l’étude a montré la nécessité de sensibiliser, de former et d’améliorer les conditions de travail des soignants.
Author Keywords: stress, aspects organisationnels, mauvaises pratiques, sensibilisation.
How to Cite this Article
Bocar Baïla Diédhiou, El Hadji Makhtar Ba, MAME CHEIKH SECK, and Jean Augustin Diégane Tine, “Characterization of Blood Exposure Accidents (BEA) and psycho-environmental and professional determinants in Kolda’s Regional Hospital Center (Southern Senegal),” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 586–593, January 2019.
