[ Le parfait à redoublement en latin, repère pour l’enseignement de la grammaire en 1ère année littéraire dans les écoles de Bunia en République Démocratique du Congo ]
LORIMA DZ’BO Freddy1
1 Chef de Travaux, Section Lettres and Sciences Humaines, Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bunia, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2026 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The Latin verb is conjugated based on three themes, namely the theme of the present, perfect, and supine, depending on whether it expresses an unfinished or completed action. The perfect theme comprises several types of radicals derived from different formations. This study analyzes the reduplication perfect theme of Latin verbs, a morphological formation that appears to deviate from the theme of the infectum. It aims to establish the morphological link between the present and perfect by highlighting the linguistic mechanisms and their derivation. Therefore, this analysis will, on one hand, help understand that the perfectum theme originates from the radical of the infectum, despite their morphological dissimilarity, and on the other hand, to indicate that the evolution of Latin over time must have influenced its morphology. This phenomenon can only be explained through a diachronic-synchronic approach. Through this approach, it is evident that the perfectum t theme is formed based on the infectum theme and that the morphological dissimilarity arises either from the morphophonology of the infectum theme with the redoubled syllable, certain linguistic phenomena like apophony, assimilation, or from the evolution of Latin over time. This study will contribute to the teaching of Latin conjugation. Highlighting the linguistic phenomena that have contributed to the morphology of the perfect theme will further clarify the learner’s understanding of the reduplication perfect.
Author Keywords: stem, reduplicated perfect, perfectum, infectum.
LORIMA DZ’BO Freddy1
1 Chef de Travaux, Section Lettres and Sciences Humaines, Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de Bunia, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2026 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The Latin verb is conjugated based on three themes, namely the theme of the present, perfect, and supine, depending on whether it expresses an unfinished or completed action. The perfect theme comprises several types of radicals derived from different formations. This study analyzes the reduplication perfect theme of Latin verbs, a morphological formation that appears to deviate from the theme of the infectum. It aims to establish the morphological link between the present and perfect by highlighting the linguistic mechanisms and their derivation. Therefore, this analysis will, on one hand, help understand that the perfectum theme originates from the radical of the infectum, despite their morphological dissimilarity, and on the other hand, to indicate that the evolution of Latin over time must have influenced its morphology. This phenomenon can only be explained through a diachronic-synchronic approach. Through this approach, it is evident that the perfectum t theme is formed based on the infectum theme and that the morphological dissimilarity arises either from the morphophonology of the infectum theme with the redoubled syllable, certain linguistic phenomena like apophony, assimilation, or from the evolution of Latin over time. This study will contribute to the teaching of Latin conjugation. Highlighting the linguistic phenomena that have contributed to the morphology of the perfect theme will further clarify the learner’s understanding of the reduplication perfect.
Author Keywords: stem, reduplicated perfect, perfectum, infectum.
Abstract: (french)
Le verbe latin se conjugue sur trois thèmes, notamment le thème du présent, du parfait et du supin selon qu’il exprime une action inachevée ou achevée. Le thème du parfait comprend plusieurs types de radicaux issus de formations différentes. La présente étude analyse le thème du parfait à redoublement des verbes latins, formation morphologique qui semble s’éloigner du thème de l’infectum. Elle vise à établir le lien morphologique entre le présent et le parfait en mettant en évidence les mécanismes linguistiques et leur dérivation. De ce fait, cette analyse permettra, d’une part, à comprendre que le thème du perfectum provient du radical de l’infectum, en dépit de leur dissemblance morphologique, et, d’autre part, à faire savoir que l’évolution du latin au fil du temps a dû influer sur sa morphologie. Ce phénomène ne peut s’expliquer que par l’approche diachro-synchronique. Grâce à cette approche, il s’avère que le thème du perfectum se forme sur le thème de l’infectum et que la dissemblance morphologique provient soit de la morphophonologie du thème de l’infectum avec la syllabe redoublée, soit de certains phénomènes linguistiques, comme l’apophonie, l’assimilation, soit de l’évolution du latin au fil du temps. Cette étude contribuera à l’enseignement de la conjugaison latine. La mise en exergue des phénomènes linguistiques ayant contribué à la morphologie du thème du parfait éclaircira davantage l’esprit de l’apprenant sur le parfait à redoublement.
Author Keywords: thème, parfait à redoublement, perfect.
