Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2014, Pages 1497–1505
Galal A. Hassaan1
1 Department of Mechanical Design & Production, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Original language: English
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The fascinating mechanical inventions aiming at the welfare of the human kind started from ancient Egyptians and continued development through different eras. In the medieval centuries, the Islamic civilization paid wonderful attention to mechanical engineering. Banu Mosa invented 100 ingenious devices including automatic fountains and automatic feedback level control systems. Al-Jazari invented 50 mechanical devices including automatic fountains, clocks, positive displacement pumps and robotics. Taqi Al-Din invented a 6-cylinder positive displacement pump. Those great inventers used clean-energy prime movers in the form of windmills, overshot water wheels and undershot water wheels (turbines). This paper focuses only on windmills, water wheels and automatic fountains.
Author Keywords: Muslim civilization, Mechanical machinery inventions, Windmills, Water wheels, Automatic fountains.
Galal A. Hassaan1
1 Department of Mechanical Design & Production, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Original language: English
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The fascinating mechanical inventions aiming at the welfare of the human kind started from ancient Egyptians and continued development through different eras. In the medieval centuries, the Islamic civilization paid wonderful attention to mechanical engineering. Banu Mosa invented 100 ingenious devices including automatic fountains and automatic feedback level control systems. Al-Jazari invented 50 mechanical devices including automatic fountains, clocks, positive displacement pumps and robotics. Taqi Al-Din invented a 6-cylinder positive displacement pump. Those great inventers used clean-energy prime movers in the form of windmills, overshot water wheels and undershot water wheels (turbines). This paper focuses only on windmills, water wheels and automatic fountains.
Author Keywords: Muslim civilization, Mechanical machinery inventions, Windmills, Water wheels, Automatic fountains.
How to Cite this Article
Galal A. Hassaan, “Innovation of Mechanical Machinery in Medieval Centuries. Part I: Windmills, Water Wheels and Automatic Fountains,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 1497–1505, December 2014.
