[ Activité antifongique d’extraits aqueux de Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. et Portulaca oleracea (L.) contre les principaux champignons transmis par les semences d’oignon (Allium cepa L.) au Burkina Faso ]
Volume 17, Issue 3, August 2016, Pages 804–812
Tobdem Gaston DABIRE1, Schémaeza BONZI2, Irénée Somda3, and Anne LEGREVE4
1 Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Institut du Développement Rural, BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
2 Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Institut du Développement Rural, BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
3 Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Institut du Développement Rural, BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
4 Université Catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve, Faculté des Bio ingénieurs, Earth and Life Institute, Croix du Sud 2 box L7.05.03, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Aspergillus and Fusarium species are the major seed-borne fungi occurring on onion in Burkina Faso according to a previous study. In order to work out effective, available and healthy method of seed treatment against these fungi, this study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of three local botanical species. Mycelial growth of Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani was evaluated in vitro on media prepared with aqueous extracts of Cymbopogon citratus, Eclipta alba and Portulaca oleracea. The health and germination quality of seeds previously treated with the best aqueous extracts were then evaluated. The aqueous extract of C. citratus significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of all Fusarium species at rates ranged from 42,8 to 92,0% but stimulated the growth of A. niger. Those of P. oleracea inhibited the mycelial growth of all tested fungi at rates ranged from 3,2 to 42,4% while those of E. alba stimulated the mycelial growth of all tested fungi. Seed treatment with the extracts of C. citratus and P. oleracea allowed reducing their infection rates by fungi of over 50%. However, the emergence and growth of seedlings were respectively reduced by P. oleracea and C. citratus compared to those of untreated seeds. Our study concludes that both aqueous extracts have proven antifungal properties. The appropriated shape and dose of use, that does not affect the seedling emergence and growth, should be sought.
Author Keywords: Antifungal activity, Aqueous extracts, Onion, Seed-borne fungi, Seed treatment.
Volume 17, Issue 3, August 2016, Pages 804–812
Tobdem Gaston DABIRE1, Schémaeza BONZI2, Irénée Somda3, and Anne LEGREVE4
1 Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Institut du Développement Rural, BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
2 Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Institut du Développement Rural, BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
3 Université Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Institut du Développement Rural, BP 1091, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
4 Université Catholique de Louvain-la-Neuve, Faculté des Bio ingénieurs, Earth and Life Institute, Croix du Sud 2 box L7.05.03, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Aspergillus and Fusarium species are the major seed-borne fungi occurring on onion in Burkina Faso according to a previous study. In order to work out effective, available and healthy method of seed treatment against these fungi, this study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of three local botanical species. Mycelial growth of Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani was evaluated in vitro on media prepared with aqueous extracts of Cymbopogon citratus, Eclipta alba and Portulaca oleracea. The health and germination quality of seeds previously treated with the best aqueous extracts were then evaluated. The aqueous extract of C. citratus significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of all Fusarium species at rates ranged from 42,8 to 92,0% but stimulated the growth of A. niger. Those of P. oleracea inhibited the mycelial growth of all tested fungi at rates ranged from 3,2 to 42,4% while those of E. alba stimulated the mycelial growth of all tested fungi. Seed treatment with the extracts of C. citratus and P. oleracea allowed reducing their infection rates by fungi of over 50%. However, the emergence and growth of seedlings were respectively reduced by P. oleracea and C. citratus compared to those of untreated seeds. Our study concludes that both aqueous extracts have proven antifungal properties. The appropriated shape and dose of use, that does not affect the seedling emergence and growth, should be sought.
Author Keywords: Antifungal activity, Aqueous extracts, Onion, Seed-borne fungi, Seed treatment.
Abstract: (french)
Une évaluation de la mycoflore des semences d’oignon utilisées au Burkina Faso a révélé qu’elles sont contaminées par des espèces de Aspergillus et de Fusarium. En guise de recherche d’une méthode saine et efficace de traitement des semences contre ces champignons, la présente étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer le pouvoir antifongique de trois espèces botaniques locales. La croissance mycélienne de Aspergillus niger, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum et Fusarium solani a été appréciée in vitro sur des milieux préparés avec des extraits aqueux de Cymbopogon citratus, Eclipta alba et Portulaca oleracea. La qualité sanitaire et germinative des semences traitées avec les meilleurs extraits ont ensuite été évaluées. L’extrait de C. citratus a inhibé la croissance mycélienne de toutes les espèces de Fusarium à des pourcentages compris entre 42,8 et 92,0% mais a stimulé celle de A. niger. Ceux de P. oleracea ont inhibé la croissance de tous les champignons testés à des pourcentages compris entre 3,2 et 42,4% tandis que ceux de Eclipta alba ont stimulé la croissance des champignons. Le traitement des semences avec les extraits de C. citratus et de P. oleracea a permis de réduire de plus de 50%, les taux d’infection par les champignons. Cependant, l’émergence et la croissance des plantules ont été réduites par P. oleracea et C. citratus comparativement à celles des semences non traitées. Notre étude conclue que ces deux extraits aqueux ont des propriétés antifongiques avérées. La forme et/ou la dose d’utilisation, qui n’affecte pas la germination des semences, devront être recherchées.
Author Keywords: Activité antifongique, Extraits aqueux, Oignon, Champignons, Traitement de semences.
How to Cite this Article
Tobdem Gaston DABIRE, Schémaeza BONZI, Irénée Somda, and Anne LEGREVE, “Antifungal activity of Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf., Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. and Portulaca oleracea (L.) aqueous extracts against the main seed-borne fungi of Onion (Allium cepa L.) in Burkina Faso,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 804–812, August 2016.
