[ INVESTIGATION DES RESSOURCES EN EAU DE SURFACE ET DES EAUX SOUTERAINES DANS LE BASSIN DU NIGER AU BENIN ]
Volume 19, Issue 3, February 2017, Pages 487–495
Rachade O. A. DJINADOU1
1 Département de Géographie et Aménagement du Territoire, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin
Original language: French
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Water is a renewable but limited resource because of anthropogenic factors and the worsening rainfall that reduce availability. The West Africa in general and the Watershed of Niger in particular is experiencing a downward trend of their rainfall regime. It is in this context that the present study is to investigate which on surface water and groundwater resources in the the Watershed of Niger in Benin. The methodology is based on the interpretation of rainfall data, hydroecoregions map design highlighting the availability of surface water followed by a geological photo-interpretation for a better knowledge of infiltration areas. The results of this study showed a high availability of surface water resources of 54.22% of the basin area. The low slope gradient so that material of the fracturing network predisposes the basement of the basin to a good availability for groundwater. Thus, the flow rate (<5 m3/s) developed by implanted drilling shows that the whatershed of Niger has significant amount of groundwater especially in the North East, where the developed flow rates exceed 83 m3/s.
Author Keywords: Surface water, ground water, Watershed of Niger, Rainfall pejoration, investigation, Benin.
Volume 19, Issue 3, February 2017, Pages 487–495
Rachade O. A. DJINADOU1
1 Département de Géographie et Aménagement du Territoire, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin
Original language: French
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Water is a renewable but limited resource because of anthropogenic factors and the worsening rainfall that reduce availability. The West Africa in general and the Watershed of Niger in particular is experiencing a downward trend of their rainfall regime. It is in this context that the present study is to investigate which on surface water and groundwater resources in the the Watershed of Niger in Benin. The methodology is based on the interpretation of rainfall data, hydroecoregions map design highlighting the availability of surface water followed by a geological photo-interpretation for a better knowledge of infiltration areas. The results of this study showed a high availability of surface water resources of 54.22% of the basin area. The low slope gradient so that material of the fracturing network predisposes the basement of the basin to a good availability for groundwater. Thus, the flow rate (<5 m3/s) developed by implanted drilling shows that the whatershed of Niger has significant amount of groundwater especially in the North East, where the developed flow rates exceed 83 m3/s.
Author Keywords: Surface water, ground water, Watershed of Niger, Rainfall pejoration, investigation, Benin.
Abstract: (french)
L’eau est une ressource renouvelable mais limitée du fait des facteurs anthropiques et de la péjoration pluviométrique qui en réduisent la disponibilité. L’Afrique de l’Ouest en général et la région du bassin du Niger en particulier connait une tendance à la baisse de leur régime pluviométrique. C’est dans ce contexte que s’inscrit la présente étude qui vise à investiguer sur les ressources en eau de surface et souterraines dans le bassin du Niger au Bénin. La méthodologie utilisée est basée sur l’interprétation des données de pluies, la conception de la carte des hydroécorégions mettant en évidence la disponibilité des eaux de surface suivie d’une photo-interprétation géologique pour une meilleure connaissance des zones d’infiltration. Les résultats de cette étude ont montré une forte disponibilité des ressources en eau de surface sur 54,22% de la superficie du bassin. Le faible gradient de pente ainsi que l’importante du réseau de fracturation prédispose le sous-sol du bassin à une bonne disponibilité en eau souterraine. Ainsi le débit (< 5 m3/s) développé par les forages implantés montre que le bassin du Niger au Bénin dispose d’importante quantité d’eau souterraine surtout au Nord-Est où les débits développés dépassent les 83 m3/s.
Author Keywords: Eau de surface , eau souterraine , bassin du Niger , péjoration pluviométrique , Investigation , Bénin.
How to Cite this Article
Rachade O. A. DJINADOU, “INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER IN WATERSHED OF NIGER IN BENIN,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 487–495, February 2017.
