[ CAPITAL HUMAIN, INEGALITES ET CROISSANCE ECONOMIQUE DANS LES PAYS EN DEVELOPPEMENT: UNE ANALYSE EN DONNEES DE PANEL ]
Volume 20, Issue 2, May 2017, Pages 441–460
HICHAM GOUMRHAR1
1 Département des Sciences Économiques, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales, Université Agdal-Rabat, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Developing countries multiply the incentive policies on education, at least for primary education and educational equity, to improve the entire educational landscape and to address problems of poverty and insecurity affecting the most of these countries and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular. The aim of our work is to verify, first, the impact of the average years of schooling and educational inequalities (proxy of human capital) on economic growth for 65 developing countries over the period 1985-2010. Second, check if the developing country growth trajectory is explained only by economic factors such as education or requires other factors, structural and conjunctural, specific to each country. We conclude that the effect of the average number of years of study is positive and significant economic growth of the countries in our sample and the predominance of conjunctural factors. However, it appears that educational inequalities have a negative and significant impact on the growth of these countries. The distinction between the group of low-income countries, middle and high shows the existence of a threshold below which education has no effect on economic growth.
Author Keywords: human capital, index GINI, economic growth, panel data.
Volume 20, Issue 2, May 2017, Pages 441–460
HICHAM GOUMRHAR1
1 Département des Sciences Économiques, Faculté des Sciences Juridiques, Economiques et Sociales, Université Agdal-Rabat, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Developing countries multiply the incentive policies on education, at least for primary education and educational equity, to improve the entire educational landscape and to address problems of poverty and insecurity affecting the most of these countries and in sub-Saharan Africa in particular. The aim of our work is to verify, first, the impact of the average years of schooling and educational inequalities (proxy of human capital) on economic growth for 65 developing countries over the period 1985-2010. Second, check if the developing country growth trajectory is explained only by economic factors such as education or requires other factors, structural and conjunctural, specific to each country. We conclude that the effect of the average number of years of study is positive and significant economic growth of the countries in our sample and the predominance of conjunctural factors. However, it appears that educational inequalities have a negative and significant impact on the growth of these countries. The distinction between the group of low-income countries, middle and high shows the existence of a threshold below which education has no effect on economic growth.
Author Keywords: human capital, index GINI, economic growth, panel data.
Abstract: (french)
Les pays en développement multiplient les politiques incitatives en matière d’éducation, au moins pour l’enseignement primaire et l’équité scolaire, afin d’améliorer l’ensemble du paysage éducatif et faire face aux problèmes de pauvreté et de précarité dont souffrent la majorité de ces pays et ceux d’Afrique subsaharienne en particulier. L’objectif de notre travail est de vérifier, premièrement, l’impact du nombre moyen d’années de scolarisation et des inégalités d’éducation (proxy du capital humain) sur la croissance économique pour 65 pays en développement sur la période 1985-2010. Deuxièmement, si la trajectoire de croissance des pays en développement s’explique seulement par des facteurs économiques dont l’éducation ou nécessite d’autres facteurs, structurels et conjoncturels, propre à chaque pays. Nous concluons que l’effet du nombre moyen d’année d’étude est positif et significatif sur la croissance économique des pays de notre échantillon ainsi que la prédominance des facteurs conjoncturels. En revanche, il apparait que les inégalités d’éducation exercent un impact négatif et significatif sur la croissance de ces pays. La distinction entre groupe de pays à revenu faible, moyen et élevé montre l’existence d’un seuil au dessous du quel l’éducation n’a pas d’effet sur la croissance économique.
Author Keywords: capital humain, indice de GINI, croissance économique, données de panelcapital humain, indice de GINI, croissance économique, données de panel.
How to Cite this Article
HICHAM GOUMRHAR, “HUMAN CAPITAL, INEQUALITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: ANALYSIS IN PANEL DATA,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 441–460, May 2017.
