[ Evaluation de quelques cultivars de manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) en fonction des populations de mouches blanches (Bemisia tabaci Genn), des maladies et de la fertilisation du sol ]
Volume 26, Issue 4, July 2019, Pages 1329–1345
A. Mogo1, E. Temgoua2, J. Djeugap Fovo3, Fotso4, J. Fomekong Nopogwo5, E. L. Ngonkeu Mangaptche6, R. Ghogomu Tamouh7, Noé WOIN8, M. Yemefack9, and M. Tene Thierry10
1 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
2 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
3 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
4 International Institute of tropical Agriculture (IITA Cameroon), BP 2008, Cameroon
5 Université de Yaoundé I, Cameroon
6 Université de Yaoundé I, Cameroon
7 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
8 Chercheur, Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement, IRAD, B.P : 2123 Yaoundé, Cameroon
9 International Institute of tropical Agriculture (IITA Cameroon), BP 2008, Cameroon
10 International Institute of tropical Agriculture (IITA Cameroon), BP 2008, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Despites its tolerance to extreme environmental conditions and biotic stresses, cassava has an annual production deficit in Cameroon of more than 31 million tones. This deficit may be due to agronomic constraints, diseases and pests attacks including whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn); vector of the African cassava mosaic disease virus. The aim of this study was to determine among five cassava cultivars including three improved cultivars (TMS 92/0326, TMS 96/1414 and 8034) and two local cultivars (Ekobele and Ngon kribi) those that provide resistance to the development of B. tabaci in relation to soil fertilization. The impact of B. tabaci on these cultivars was therefore measured through the severity and incidence of the mosaic disease. The severity and incidence of cassava anthracnose disease (CAD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB), which are also important diseases of cassava, were assessed. The study was carried out in Bityili village located in Ebolowa region, at three sites namely Mekoto, Minkon Mingon and Tyele. TMS 92/0326 and TMS 96/1414 had higher average number of adult whiteflies and nymphs, this may be due to their abundance and hairy leaf. Soil fertilization had a significant effect on nymphs. Unfertilized plots had the largest number of nymphs compared to those fertilized. Local cultivars Ekobele and Ngon kribi showed a higher severity and incidence of CMD compared to improved cultivars. All cultivars were weakly and similarly affected by bacterial blight. The fertilization had no effect on the severity of the mosaic and the bacterial blight. The severity of the anthracnose was higher on unfertilized cultivars compared to those fertilized. A strong correlation is observed between the severity of the CMD and yield performance.
Author Keywords: Cameroon, cassava, cultivar, fertilization, whitefly, mosaic.
Volume 26, Issue 4, July 2019, Pages 1329–1345
A. Mogo1, E. Temgoua2, J. Djeugap Fovo3, Fotso4, J. Fomekong Nopogwo5, E. L. Ngonkeu Mangaptche6, R. Ghogomu Tamouh7, Noé WOIN8, M. Yemefack9, and M. Tene Thierry10
1 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
2 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
3 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
4 International Institute of tropical Agriculture (IITA Cameroon), BP 2008, Cameroon
5 Université de Yaoundé I, Cameroon
6 Université de Yaoundé I, Cameroon
7 Université de Dschang, BP 96 Dschang, Cameroon
8 Chercheur, Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement, IRAD, B.P : 2123 Yaoundé, Cameroon
9 International Institute of tropical Agriculture (IITA Cameroon), BP 2008, Cameroon
10 International Institute of tropical Agriculture (IITA Cameroon), BP 2008, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Despites its tolerance to extreme environmental conditions and biotic stresses, cassava has an annual production deficit in Cameroon of more than 31 million tones. This deficit may be due to agronomic constraints, diseases and pests attacks including whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn); vector of the African cassava mosaic disease virus. The aim of this study was to determine among five cassava cultivars including three improved cultivars (TMS 92/0326, TMS 96/1414 and 8034) and two local cultivars (Ekobele and Ngon kribi) those that provide resistance to the development of B. tabaci in relation to soil fertilization. The impact of B. tabaci on these cultivars was therefore measured through the severity and incidence of the mosaic disease. The severity and incidence of cassava anthracnose disease (CAD) and cassava bacterial blight (CBB), which are also important diseases of cassava, were assessed. The study was carried out in Bityili village located in Ebolowa region, at three sites namely Mekoto, Minkon Mingon and Tyele. TMS 92/0326 and TMS 96/1414 had higher average number of adult whiteflies and nymphs, this may be due to their abundance and hairy leaf. Soil fertilization had a significant effect on nymphs. Unfertilized plots had the largest number of nymphs compared to those fertilized. Local cultivars Ekobele and Ngon kribi showed a higher severity and incidence of CMD compared to improved cultivars. All cultivars were weakly and similarly affected by bacterial blight. The fertilization had no effect on the severity of the mosaic and the bacterial blight. The severity of the anthracnose was higher on unfertilized cultivars compared to those fertilized. A strong correlation is observed between the severity of the CMD and yield performance.
Author Keywords: Cameroon, cassava, cultivar, fertilization, whitefly, mosaic.
Abstract: (french)
Le manioc, malgré sa tolérance aux conditions extrêmes de stress abiotique et biotique, présente un déficit de production annuelle au Cameroun de 31 millions de tonnes. Ce déficit peut être dû aux contraintes agronomiques, aux maladies et aux attaques de plusieurs ravageurs parmi lesquels la mouche blanche vecteur du virus responsable de la mosaïque africaine du manioc (MAM). Ce travail a été conduit en vue de déterminer parmi 5 cultivars de manioc dont trois améliorés (TMS 92/0326, TMS 96/1414 et 8034) et deux locaux (Ekobele et Ngon kribi) ceux qui offrent une résistance au développement de B. tabaci en tenant compte de la fertilisation du sol. L’impact de la mosaïque sur ces cultivars a été mesuré à travers la sévérité et l’incidence en fonction de la fertilisation du sol. La sévérité et l’incidence de l’anthracnose (CAD) et de la bactériose (CBB) qui sont également des maladies importantes du manioc ont également été évaluées. L’essai a été conduit à Bityili- dans trois sites (Mekoto, Tyele et Minkon Mingon) d’Ebolowa. TMS 92/0326 et TMS 96/1414 ont eu un nombre plus élevé de mouches blanches adultes et de nymphes ceci à cause de l’abondance et de la pubescence de leurs feuilles. Pour tous les cultivars, le grand nombre de nymphes a été obtenu dans les parcelles non fertilisées comparées à celles fertilisées. Les cultivars locaux Ekobele et Ngon kribi ont présenté une sévérité et une incidence élevées à la MAM comparé aux cultivars améliorés. Tous les cultivars ont été faiblement affectés par la bactériose et la fertilisation n’a eu aucun effet sur la mosaïque et la bactériose. La sévérité de l’anthracnose est plus élevée sur les cultivars non fertilisés comparés à ceux fertilisés. Nous avons constaté une forte corrélation entre la sévérité de la MAM et le rendement. L’augmentation de sévérité de la MAM de 1 à 25% entraine une diminution de 26,4% du nombre de tubercules/ plant et une diminution de 43,4% de poids en tubercule frais.
Author Keywords: Cameroun, manioc, cultivar, fertilisation, mouche blanche, mosaïque.
How to Cite this Article
A. Mogo, E. Temgoua, J. Djeugap Fovo, Fotso, J. Fomekong Nopogwo, E. L. Ngonkeu Mangaptche, R. Ghogomu Tamouh, Noé WOIN, M. Yemefack, and M. Tene Thierry, “Field agronomic evaluation of some cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz) against whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci Genn), diseases African Cassava Mosaic disease in tropical humid forest ecology of Cameroon,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 1329–1345, July 2019.
