[ Coût génétique de la résistance aux insecticides sur le profil salivaire du moustique Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus ]
Volume 27, Issue 4, November 2019, Pages 934–942
Innocent Djegbe1, Adam Gbankoto2, Akadiri YESSOUFOU3, Rousseau Djouaka4, and Sylvie Cornélie5
1 University of Sciences, Arts and Techniques of Natitingou, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, P.O. Box 72, Natitingou, Benin
2 Laboratoire de Physiologie et Pharmacologie Expérimentale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin
3 Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin
4 The AgroEcoHealth Platform, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 08 P.O. Box 0932 Tri-postal Cotonou, Benin
5 UMR Maladies Infectieuses et vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France
Original language: French
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito has developed several resistant mechanisms to the main families of insecticides used in public health. Among these mechanisms, the insensitive acetyl cholinesterase (Ace.1R) confers cross resistance to organophosphorous and carbamates. Fortunately, in an insecticide-free environment, this mutation is associated with a severe genetic cost that affects different biological systems. In insects, the saliva contains bioactive molecules (vasodilatators, anticlotting and anti-hemostatic proteins) which permit a successful blood meal and also facilitate pathogen transmission. In this context, we studied the differential expression of salivary proteins between susceptible and carbamate-resistant (Ace.1R) strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus having a same genetic background. Electrophoresis on acrylamid gel was used to determinate the quantity and quality of salivary proteins expression. The results showed that three majority saliva proteins of the D7 family have lower expression in the resistant strain compared to the susceptible strain. Conversely, ten enzymes involved in metabolic reactions, were up regulated in the resistant strain. This differential expression according to the resistant status of the mosquito may have a repercussion on the biting behaviour and on the transmission of parasites/virus to vertebrate hosts. The next step will consist to study using a video based analysis system the feeding behaviour of susceptible (Ace1SS) and resistant (Ace1RR) mosquitoes in flying chambers. These studies will provide new elements to develop alternative insecticide resistance management strategies in Culex mosquito.
Author Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus, resistance, Ace1 mutation, salivary proteins, electrophoresis.
Volume 27, Issue 4, November 2019, Pages 934–942
Innocent Djegbe1, Adam Gbankoto2, Akadiri YESSOUFOU3, Rousseau Djouaka4, and Sylvie Cornélie5
1 University of Sciences, Arts and Techniques of Natitingou, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, P.O. Box 72, Natitingou, Benin
2 Laboratoire de Physiologie et Pharmacologie Expérimentale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin
3 Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin
4 The AgroEcoHealth Platform, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 08 P.O. Box 0932 Tri-postal Cotonou, Benin
5 UMR Maladies Infectieuses et vecteurs, Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, Montpellier, France
Original language: French
Copyright © 2019 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito has developed several resistant mechanisms to the main families of insecticides used in public health. Among these mechanisms, the insensitive acetyl cholinesterase (Ace.1R) confers cross resistance to organophosphorous and carbamates. Fortunately, in an insecticide-free environment, this mutation is associated with a severe genetic cost that affects different biological systems. In insects, the saliva contains bioactive molecules (vasodilatators, anticlotting and anti-hemostatic proteins) which permit a successful blood meal and also facilitate pathogen transmission. In this context, we studied the differential expression of salivary proteins between susceptible and carbamate-resistant (Ace.1R) strains of Cx. quinquefasciatus having a same genetic background. Electrophoresis on acrylamid gel was used to determinate the quantity and quality of salivary proteins expression. The results showed that three majority saliva proteins of the D7 family have lower expression in the resistant strain compared to the susceptible strain. Conversely, ten enzymes involved in metabolic reactions, were up regulated in the resistant strain. This differential expression according to the resistant status of the mosquito may have a repercussion on the biting behaviour and on the transmission of parasites/virus to vertebrate hosts. The next step will consist to study using a video based analysis system the feeding behaviour of susceptible (Ace1SS) and resistant (Ace1RR) mosquitoes in flying chambers. These studies will provide new elements to develop alternative insecticide resistance management strategies in Culex mosquito.
Author Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus, resistance, Ace1 mutation, salivary proteins, electrophoresis.
Abstract: (french)
Le moustique Culex quinquefasciatus a développé des mécanismes de résistance aux principales familles d'insecticides utilisées en santé publique. L'un de ces mécanismes concerne la mutation de l’acétylcholinesterase (Ace1R) qui lui confère une résistance aux organophosphorés et aux carbamates. Néanmoins, dans un environnement sans insecticide, cette mutation entraine un coût génétique qui se répercute sur différents systèmes physiologiques. Chez les insectes, la salive constitue un élément important dans la prise de repas sanguin mais elle joue également un rôle prépondérant dans la transmission d’agents pathogènes. Dans ce contexte, nous avons étudié la différence d'expression des protéines salivaires de Cx. quinquefasciatus entre une souche sensible et une souche résistante aux carbamates (mutation Ace1R) mais possédant le même fond génétique. L'électrophorèse bidimensionnelle sur gel d'acrylamide a été utilisée afin de déterminer l'expression quantitative et qualitative des protéines salivaires. Les résultats ont montré que trois protéines majoritaires de la salive de la famille D7 sont sous-exprimées chez la souche résistante. En revanche une dizaine de protéines intervenant dans les réactions métaboliques (enzymes), sont surexprimées chez cette dernière. Ces différences de profil salivaire entre individus sensibles et résistants pourraient avoir des répercussions sur le comportement trophique des moustiques et sur la transmission d’agents pathogènes. La prochaine étape consistera à mesurer par des systèmes d’analyse vidéo le comportement d’approche, de sonde et de piqûre des moustiques ayant des génotypes différents pour la mutation Ace1R. Ces études permettront d’envisager des méthodes alternatives de détection et de gestion de la résistance dans les populations culicidiennes.
Author Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus, mutation Ace1, résistance, protéines salivaires, électrophorèse.
How to Cite this Article
Innocent Djegbe, Adam Gbankoto, Akadiri YESSOUFOU, Rousseau Djouaka, and Sylvie Cornélie, “Genetic cost of insecticide resistance on the salivary profile of Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus mosquito,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 934–942, November 2019.
