[ Influence des rejets municipaux sur la qualité physico-chimique et biologique des écosystèmes aquatiques urbains: Cas de la rivière Massili (Burkina Faso, Afrique de l’Ouest) ]
Volume 40, Issue 4, October 2023, Pages 1281–1291
Kabore Idrissa1, Bance Victor2, Zangre Tatiana Dora Rebecca3, and Oueda Adama4
1 Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), UFR-SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
2 Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), UFR-SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
3 Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), UFR-SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
4 Laboratory of Animal Biology and Ecology/Hydrobiology, UFR/SVT University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In West Africa, particularly in Burkina Faso, the urban freshwater bodies are amongst the most threatened exacerbating the urban environmental crises. Domestic and industrial discharges and fecal sludge are the main sources of urban water pollution. This systematic pollution, which deteriorates the physicochemical and biological condition of urban water ecosystems is a major concern for decision-makers and scientists. Thus, this study was undertaken to assess the effects of urban wastes on ecological status of physicochemical parameters et biological organisms. To do so, from September to October 2020, physicochemical and bacteriological parameters were analyzed using standard methods. Then, the macroinvertebrates were collected using hand net, and then identified in the laboratory. The results showed that the concentrations of physicochemical variables such as conductivity, COD, BOD5, nutrients and chlorides were high in downstream compared to those in upstream. The higher concentrations of total coliforms, Escherichia coli and faecal streptococci were reported in downstream. In regard of macroinvertebrates, the results revealed that taxonomic richness, the relative composition of polluo-sensitive taxa and the Shannon-Wiener index were very low in downstream. From our results, the urban freshwaters ecosystems are strongly impacted including waterborne diseases spreading, and for suitable management of these waterbodies and the well-being of riparian’s population, it is crucial to strengthen the legislation on the discharge of domestic and industrial waste, and to promote appropriate systems for the waste treatment in our cities, and to train and raise public awareness of environmental citizenship where ecology meet society.
Author Keywords: Pollution, Urban, freshwater, Physicochemical, Biology.
Volume 40, Issue 4, October 2023, Pages 1281–1291
Kabore Idrissa1, Bance Victor2, Zangre Tatiana Dora Rebecca3, and Oueda Adama4
1 Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), UFR-SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
2 Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), UFR-SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
3 Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA), UFR-SVT, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
4 Laboratory of Animal Biology and Ecology/Hydrobiology, UFR/SVT University of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Original language: French
Copyright © 2023 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
In West Africa, particularly in Burkina Faso, the urban freshwater bodies are amongst the most threatened exacerbating the urban environmental crises. Domestic and industrial discharges and fecal sludge are the main sources of urban water pollution. This systematic pollution, which deteriorates the physicochemical and biological condition of urban water ecosystems is a major concern for decision-makers and scientists. Thus, this study was undertaken to assess the effects of urban wastes on ecological status of physicochemical parameters et biological organisms. To do so, from September to October 2020, physicochemical and bacteriological parameters were analyzed using standard methods. Then, the macroinvertebrates were collected using hand net, and then identified in the laboratory. The results showed that the concentrations of physicochemical variables such as conductivity, COD, BOD5, nutrients and chlorides were high in downstream compared to those in upstream. The higher concentrations of total coliforms, Escherichia coli and faecal streptococci were reported in downstream. In regard of macroinvertebrates, the results revealed that taxonomic richness, the relative composition of polluo-sensitive taxa and the Shannon-Wiener index were very low in downstream. From our results, the urban freshwaters ecosystems are strongly impacted including waterborne diseases spreading, and for suitable management of these waterbodies and the well-being of riparian’s population, it is crucial to strengthen the legislation on the discharge of domestic and industrial waste, and to promote appropriate systems for the waste treatment in our cities, and to train and raise public awareness of environmental citizenship where ecology meet society.
Author Keywords: Pollution, Urban, freshwater, Physicochemical, Biology.
Abstract: (french)
En Afrique de l’Ouest, en particulier au Burkina Faso, les écosystèmes aquatiques urbaines sont de plus en plus menacés par les pressions anthropiques exacerbant ainsi les crises environnementales urbaines. Les rejets domestiques, industrielles et les boues de vidanges sont les principales sources de pollution des eaux urbaines. Cette pollution systématique qui affecte la qualité physico-chimique et biologiques des cours d’eau urbains est une préoccupation majeure pour les décideurs et les environnementalistes. Pour ce faire, nous avons conduit une étude sur le cours d’eau du Massili qui draine la ville de Ouagadougou afin d’évaluer l’impact des rejets domestiques sur la qualité physico-chimique et biologique. Ainsi, de septembre à octobre 2020, les variables physico-chimiques et bactériologiques ont été analysées suivant des méthodes standards. Ensuite, les macroinvertébrés ont été collectés à l’aide d’un filet troubleau puis identifiés au laboratoire. Les résultats obtenus montrent des concentrations très élevées des variables physico-chimiques enregistrés à l’amont. Les teneurs en coliformes totaux, Escherichia coli et streptocoques fécaux responsables de maladies hydriques étaient également très élevées à l’amont. Quant aux macroinvertébrés, les indices taxonomiques, de diversités et la composition relative des taxa polluo-sensibles étaient très faibles à l’aval qu’en l’amont traduisant le très mauvais état physico-chimique et biologique du cours d’eau. Pour une meilleure gestion des villes, et le bonheur des populations riveraines, il est crucial de renforcer la législation sur les rejets et domestiques et industrielles, de promouvoir des systèmes adaptés de traitement des eaux usées, former et sensibiliser les populations sur la citoyenneté environnementale.
Author Keywords: Pollution, Ville, Eaux douces, Physico-chimie, Biologie.
How to Cite this Article
Kabore Idrissa, Bance Victor, Zangre Tatiana Dora Rebecca, and Oueda Adama, “Influence of municipal discharges on the physico-chemical and biological quality of urban aquatic ecosystems: Case of the Massili River (Burkina Faso, West Africa),” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 1281–1291, October 2023.
