[ Caractérisation expérimentale des propriétés physiques, mécaniques et thermiques du palmier rônier (Borassus aethiopum mart) en fonction de la teneur en eau et de la température ]
Volume 41, Issue 4, February 2024, Pages 1192–1208
Memtine Ndong Augustin1, Danebe Kada Alain2, Djoda Pagore Frederick3, and Nsouandele Jean Luc4
1 Département du Génie Textile et Cuir, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
2 Département du Génie Textile et Cuir, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
3 Département de Génie Civil et Architecture, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
4 Département des Energies Renouvelables, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This work determines the physical (density, shrinkage and porosity), mechanical (compression, bending, stress and Elasticity modulus) and thermal (conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity) characteristics that allow the rational and optimal use of palm tree, which is one of the biomaterials used in traditional and semi-modern construction in northern Cameroon. These properties were determined experimentally at different temperatures using the weighing method, mechanical tests and thermal using the «MINCO 230Ω P» heating resistor inserted between two samples. The test results obtained are interesting and satisfactory. The heartwood density varies from 300 to 400 kg.m-3 and the sapwood from 750 to 1,000 kg.m-3. Porosity depending of moisture content is between 76 and 80% for the heartwood and from 38 to 52% for the sapwood. The volumetric shrinkage rate is from 5 to 14% for the heartwood and from 6 to 9% for the sapwood. The stress and the Young’s modulus of Borassus Aethiopum mart. at 12% of moisture content are respectively evaluated at 74.789 ± 5.171 MPa and 3,434.548 ± 82.195 MPa. The longitudinal compression stress is 58.290±3.582 MPa and 29.210±1.775 MPa for transverse compression, the longitudinal compression Young’s modulus is 1,386.470 ± 41.661 MPa and transverse compression is 209.418 ± 6.456 MPa. The thermal effusivity is 458.189 J/m2Ks1/2, the volumetric heat capacity is 322,627.7 J/m3K and the thermal conductivity is 0.651 W/mK are the thermal characteristics obtained. The results of the tests obtained are important and advantageous for the using of palm tree in civil engineering and cabinet-making.
Author Keywords: Palm tree, physical, mechanical, thermal characteristics, temperature.
Volume 41, Issue 4, February 2024, Pages 1192–1208
Memtine Ndong Augustin1, Danebe Kada Alain2, Djoda Pagore Frederick3, and Nsouandele Jean Luc4
1 Département du Génie Textile et Cuir, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
2 Département du Génie Textile et Cuir, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
3 Département de Génie Civil et Architecture, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
4 Département des Energies Renouvelables, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique de Maroua, Université de Maroua, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2024 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This work determines the physical (density, shrinkage and porosity), mechanical (compression, bending, stress and Elasticity modulus) and thermal (conductivity, diffusivity, effusivity) characteristics that allow the rational and optimal use of palm tree, which is one of the biomaterials used in traditional and semi-modern construction in northern Cameroon. These properties were determined experimentally at different temperatures using the weighing method, mechanical tests and thermal using the «MINCO 230Ω P» heating resistor inserted between two samples. The test results obtained are interesting and satisfactory. The heartwood density varies from 300 to 400 kg.m-3 and the sapwood from 750 to 1,000 kg.m-3. Porosity depending of moisture content is between 76 and 80% for the heartwood and from 38 to 52% for the sapwood. The volumetric shrinkage rate is from 5 to 14% for the heartwood and from 6 to 9% for the sapwood. The stress and the Young’s modulus of Borassus Aethiopum mart. at 12% of moisture content are respectively evaluated at 74.789 ± 5.171 MPa and 3,434.548 ± 82.195 MPa. The longitudinal compression stress is 58.290±3.582 MPa and 29.210±1.775 MPa for transverse compression, the longitudinal compression Young’s modulus is 1,386.470 ± 41.661 MPa and transverse compression is 209.418 ± 6.456 MPa. The thermal effusivity is 458.189 J/m2Ks1/2, the volumetric heat capacity is 322,627.7 J/m3K and the thermal conductivity is 0.651 W/mK are the thermal characteristics obtained. The results of the tests obtained are important and advantageous for the using of palm tree in civil engineering and cabinet-making.
Author Keywords: Palm tree, physical, mechanical, thermal characteristics, temperature.
Abstract: (french)
Ce travail détermine les caractéristiques physiques, mécaniques, et thermiques permettant l’utilisation rationnelle et optimale du rônier qui fait partir des bio-matériaux dans les constructions traditionnelles et semi-modernes du Cameroun septentrional. Ces propriétés sont déterminées expérimentalement à différentes températures en utilisant la méthode par pesée, les essais de flexion trois points et le dispositif de la résistance chauffante « MINCO 230( P » insérée entre deux échantillons. Les résultats obtenus sont intéressants et satisfaisants. La masse volumique qui varie de 300 à 400 kg.m-3 pour le duramen et de 750 à 1 000 kg.m-3 pour l’aubier. La porosité en fonction de la teneur en eau est entre 76 et 80 % pour le duramen et de 38 à 52 % pour l’aubier. Le taux de rétractabilité volumique est de 5 à 14 % pour le duramen et de 6 à 9 % pour l’aubier. La contrainte à la rupture et le module d’Young du rônier à 12% sont respectivement évalués à 74,789 ± 5,171 Mpa, et à 3 434,548 ± 82,195 MPa. Les essais de compression déterminent la contrainte à la rupture longitudinale à 58,290±3,582 MPa et transversale à 29,210±1,775 MPa, le module d’Young en compression longitudinale est de 1 386,470 ± 41,661 MPa et transversale est de 209,418 ± 6,456 MPa. L’effusivité thermique de 458,189 J/m2Ks1/2, la capacité thermique volumique de 322 627,7 J/m3K et la conductivité thermique de 0,651 W/mK. Ces résultats sont importants et avantageux pour les applications du rônier dans les ouvrages du génie civil et d’ébénisterie.
Author Keywords: Palmier rônier, caractéristiques physiques, mécaniques, thermiques, température.
How to Cite this Article
Memtine Ndong Augustin, Danebe Kada Alain, Djoda Pagore Frederick, and Nsouandele Jean Luc, “Experimental characterization of the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of palm tree (Borassus aethiopum mart) dependent of moisture content and temperature,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 1192–1208, February 2024.
