The Tanoe-Ehy swamp forest (FMTE) has been identified as a high-priority site for primate conservation in West Africa. In addition to a lack of knowledge of the plant communities, the site is subject to pressure from local populations both on the periphery and in the interior. The aim of this ethnobotanical study is therefore to determine the uses made of the plant species collected by the local populations. To achieve this, ethnobotanical surveys were carried out in seven localities on the outskirts of the forest. Generally speaking, direct interviews with local people enabled us to identify the techniques and practices used to plant crops and the plants harvested in the study area. A total of 160 people were interviewed, most of them male farmers. The survey showed that most of the plantation land had been acquired by inheritance and had been established on forest land. Monocultural plantations are the most abundant in the study area. It is worth noting that the preferred place for collecting plants is within the FMTE. Most of the plant species collected are used for traditional medicine. They include Landolphia membranacea, Tabernaemontana crassa, Combretum aphanopetalum, Parquetina nigrescens, Microdesmis keayana, Alchornea cordifolia, and Strophanthus hispidus with a rarity index of less than 80%. Given the importance of the FMTE in terms of a particular ecosystem and biodiversity conservation, it is desirable and urgent that, in addition to awareness campaigns for local populations, the process of its definitive classification be accelerated to put an end.