As part of the development of natural heritage of Morocco, an ethnobotanical study was undertaken in the Tarfaya province in order to inventory the main medicinal plants used in folk medicine to treat kidney stones. The means of study is a questionnaire distributed to 150 individuals which we considered as a representative sample of the population studied. The survey revealed that the frequency of use of medicinal plants is related to the age, sex and educational level of our respondents. The analysis of the obtained results showed that 40 plant species belonging to 27 botanical families were used in this region for the treatment of kidney stones. The most cited families were Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Leguminosae, and Poaceae. The most cited plant species were Herniaria hirsuta, Anastatica hierochuntica, Apium graveolens, Ziziphus lotus, Allium sativum and Ranunculus muricatus. The dominant plant part used in preparations was seed. The main mode of utilization was decoction. This study showed the importance of folk medicine for the local people living in the study area. Hence, this data could be the basis for ethnopharmacological and phytochemical studies.