The present study aims at assessing the health risks related to consumption of groundwater contaminated by Nitrate and heavy metals such as Arsenic and Mercury at the Ity goldfields. The levels of Nitrate contamination and those of metallic trace elements have been assessed according to the sulfosalicylic acid, by the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) method, and by the AFS (Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry) method, respectively. The reported results reveal that the surrounding populations are exposed to health risks with hazard levels greater than 1 for both Arsenic and Mercury in all investigated stations.