This study focuses on the valorization of woody plant species and local communities’ perceptions of climate change, in a context marked by declining rainfall, rising temperatures, and land degradation. Conducted in the rural commune of Kirtachi, the study aims to assess the different forms of use of plant species and vegetation formations, as well as farmers’ perceptions of climate change. Household surveys were carried out with 182 farming households across 20 villages. The results revealed an overall species richness of 86 species belonging to 29 families and 56 genera. Fabaceae was the most represented family (28.75%). Species richness was distributed across the surveyed formations, with 51 species recorded on plateaus, 34 in agroforestry parklands, and 32 within villages. Based on a preferential ranking established by farmers according to socio-economic and ecological benefits, 34 species were identified as priority species. Ten (10) main categories of woody plant use were identified: shade provision, fuelwood, food, soil fertility improvement, traditional medicine, fodder, service wood, windbreaks, construction, and trade. Climate change is perceived by local communities as a slight increasing trend in rainfall and temperature (XX%) and a slight decrease in wind intensity (XX%). According to 84.7% of respondents, these climatic stresses have resulted in reduced agricultural yields. In response, farmers implement a range of adaptation strategies, including physical and biological soil and water conservation measures, soil fertility management, agroforestry practices, livelihood diversification, and integrated production systems, thereby strengthening the resilience of both communities and ecosystems.

Forest banquettes and half-moon techniques associated with plantations of woody species are commonly used in Niger to restore degraded lands. To assess the impacts of these anti-erosion structures on the physicochemical characteristics of the soil and plant diversity, an expimental study was carried out in the rural commune of Simiri on a plateau site fitted out with a forest banquette and a glacis site with forest half-moons. An undeveloped control zone was considered for each restoration site. The soil moisture at the structures was regularly recorded for 30 months. Soil samples under the crown of the planted plants were taken and analyzed in the laboratory. A floristic inventory of spontaneous species was carried out on restoration sites and control areas. Finally, the herbaceous biomass was evaluated. It emerges from this experiment that forest benches and half-moons significantly improve soil moisture and texture as well as organic carbon under the crown of planted plants. These conditions allowed the development of spontaneous plant diversity. These results highlight the effectiveness of forest banquettes and half-moons in restoring degraded lands of plateaus and glacis.

The study aims to characterize the demographic structure of the vegetation of the protected forest Baban Rafi located in the department Madarounfa 50 km south of Maradi. The data were collected based on a forest inventory in 105 plots of 1000 m² installed on 17 transects varying in length from 1 to 5 km. Data analysis has established the list of plants, species diversity, the horizontal structure, vertical structure, and regeneration of woody plants. A total of 52 woody species distributed in 40 genera and 21 families were inventoried. The best-represented families are respectively the Combretaceae and Fabaceae-Mimosoideae. The most important species are Guiera senegalensis, Combretum micranthum, and Combretum nigricans. The average density of woody species (994.86 ± 343.71 individuals / ha) and that of regeneration (17,092.95 ± 10,431.80 seedlings / ha) indicate a good regeneration capacity of the forest. The values of the index of Shannon and evenness Pielou are 3.8 bits and 0.68 bits respectively. The diameter structures of the woody stand and those of the dominant species show a concentration of young individuals of the class from 5 to 10 m. Those in height show a predominance of individuals of heights between 1 and 5 m. These results provide additional information on the current state of woody stands in the Baban Rafi forest and can be used in biodiversity conservation and the management of protected forests in Niger.