The objective of this study is to determine the factors associated with the economic empowerment of women in unions, measured in terms of decision-making power on keeping and use of their own income. A cross-sectional, and mixed (quantitative and qualitative), study was conducted from 2018 to 2019. A total of 216 women chosen individually and 5 groups of women in unions in the 6th arrondissement commune of the city of N’Djaména, the capital of Chad, participated in this study. Stratified random sampling and purposive sampling were used. A questionnaire and a semi-structured interview guide in focus groups were used for data collection. A logistic link was used to identify factors associated with women’s empowerment. Of the total number of women interviewed (216), 83.3% stated that they decide for themselves on the custody of their income and 86.6% felt that they decided on the use. Women’s power to decide on the custody and use of their income is influenced by factors relating to the pre-marriage environment, the socio-economic status of parents or guardians, husbands and the women themselves. The focus group data shows that women generally believe that decisions made by themselves are necessary to enable them to develop their intellectual capacity, know-how and competence in the face of life’s responsibilities.