Ingénieur en techniques appliquées, option électrotechnique de l’ISTA, Kolwezi, Assistant à l’Institut Supérieur des Techniques Appliquées de Kolwezi, RD Congo
Electric energy is an essential factor in the economic development of a country. It is generally produced in power plants located at points more or less distant from consumption centers. To reach consumers, this energy must go through several stages including transport, allocation and distribution.
Formerly carried out almost exclusively with alternating current, the transport of electricity over long distances has increasingly been done with direct current over the last few decades.
Each mode of transporting electrical energy has certain advantages over others which militate in its favor when it comes to transporting electrical energy over long distances.
This article aims to analyze HVAC and HVDC systems from a technical, economic and environmental point of view in order to identify for each system its strengths as well as its weaknesses, and also to define the criteria on which we are based. basis for choosing one or another mode of energy transport, depending on the constraints imposed.