Animal feed is a major source of contamination by toxigenic fungi. The objective of this study was to provide an overview of fungal contamination in animal feed and to explore alternative treatments. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in eight localities in the Maradi region through semi-structured interviews with livestock breeders, veterinarians, animal health officers, medical doctors, and biologists. A total of 539 individuals were interviewed, including 457 breeders, 45 animal health officers and veterinarians, and 37 medical and biological professionals. The study revealed that 20% of fungal contaminations originate from forages. Indicators such as moist forage with black spots, contaminated water, odor changes, and rotten feed residues were identified as warning signs. The most commonly reported diseases included foot-and-mouth disease, fever, lumpy skin disease, rhinitis, pasteurellosis, anthrax, bloating, diarrhea, intestinal worms, infections of unknown origin, allergies, laminitis, avian influenza, colic, and sheep pox. The main symptoms observed were weakness, reduced feed intake, rough hair coat, dry nostrils, lack of rumination, and weight loss. Viral infections were the most frequently encountered, accounting for 45% of the reported cases. According to 45% of doctors and biologists, mycotoxins can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of contaminated meat. To mitigate the effects of fungal contamination, veterinarians often use antimicrobial agents. However, effective alternative treatments using medicinal plants could be explored to improve animal health and food safety.