The city of Meknes is rich of various cultural heritages built between the XVIth and the XIXth centuries and notably it's most important ramparts (more than 40 km length). It was protected in 1995 by UNESCO as World Heritage. These earthen walls are between 1.20 to 3 m wide and 7 to 12 m high. The ramparts have been constructed in rammed earth according to a traditional Moroccan method. A detailed observation of the ramparts of the city revealed that they suffer from many different damages and they are in very bad state, some of them are disappeared. We noted that they show some alterations like fissures and more important detachment. The study of the origins of the alterations shows that they mainly depend on the environment, like the water impact, the building techniques and the nature of the bedrock. In order to point out the importance of capillary rising of water in the degradation of walls built of rammed earth, we took the example of Sidi Baba rampart. The analysis of the degradation of Sidi Baba rampart shows that he mostly suffered from a disorder related to a wet pathology. Thus, the solutions circulations, highlighted by the test water levels and changes in petrophysical parameters and the mobility of chemical elements along this profile are responsible for the phenomena of dissolution and crystallization. Alteration and loss of construction material, on the first meters from the ground, are attributed to capillary rising.

In Morocco, the largest outcrops of ornamental rocks are largely abundant in central Morocco. The marble deposit of Bou-Acila situated near the forest-house in the southwest of the Kh