The purpose of this study was to describe, evaluate, and identify psychoactive substances and its risk factors among Moroccan drivers. The epidemiological and cross-sectional survey concerned 428 drivers: heavy weight (70) Coach (67) Automotive (234) and taxi (57). The support of the survey is an individual questionnaire comprising four sections: individual characteristics of drivers, medical practices, toxicological habits and knowledge of road safety. The results show that drivers constitute a population at risk : Medical Habits: risk taking drugs and driving (61%), followed by chronic treatment (37.9%), medication without prescription (55%), non-compliance of the treatment rest before driving (70%) , toxicological habits (tobacco : 53.6 % alcohol : 27.17%, illegal drugs : 18.97%, tea : 31.1%, coffee :15.4%. Their knowledge of road safety is very poor: ignorance of the Highway Code and the risk factor in the decision of psychoactive substances are respectively about 73% and 80.6 %. Prevention and reduction of accidents related to the taking of psychoactive substances pass through awareness and training of drivers on the real risk of this factor.