The calcination of phosphate consumes the fossil energy and generates greenhouse gas emissions. This later owed not only on the consumption of these energies, but also in the decomposition of carbonates and in the combustion of the organic matter. The energy consumption and the emission of gases require an optimization of the calcination depending on the residence time and temperature of calcination. These walking parameters influence the chemical reactivity and the solubility of finished product. To assist in that, we have studied the evolution of the main components of the control in the calcination (C_org, CO₂, P₂O₅, CaO), the specific surface area and density of the ore according to the time and temperature. This treatment was performed in the laboratory in a fixed bed. The different analytical techniques that were applied are: sieve analysis, quantitative study by ICP, the mineralogical characterization by X-ray and differential thermal analysis coupled with thermogravimetric analysis. The obtained results show that mechanisms relative to the heat treatment of the phosphate are multiple and are strongly influenced by the nature of the matrix and the parameters of the treatment. The obtained product answers well the trade profiles and the requirements for use under the conditions of a temperature approximately of 800