This study, conducted in the core area of ​​the giraffe's habitat, aims to assess tree species diversity and the demography of the woody stand for the survival and conservation of the species in situ. The floristic inventory, carried out on 154 plots, identified 33 woody species belonging to 25 genera and 15 families. The Fabaceae, Capparaceae, and Combretaceae families are the most dominant, representing 60% of the stand. Tiger scrub is the densest land cover unit, while fields exhibit the highest regeneration rates and diversity indices. The diameter structure reveals a predominance of young individuals and low regeneration potential in tiger scrub and fields; whereas fallow land and shrub steppes show a more balanced and ecologically stable structure. Regarding the vertical structure, it is distinguished by the majority of individuals measuring between 1 and 4 meters in height across all geomorphological units. These results reflect a trend toward biodiversity degradation, marked by the dominance of a few tolerant species (Guiera senegalensis, Combretum micranthum, Annona senegalensis). Urgent conservation and restoration measures are needed to maintain the ecological viability of the habitat of the last remaining giraffes in West Africa.