[ Caractérisation et fertilisation raisonnée des sols avec des variétés de riz cultivées dans les régions de Tillabery et Niamey au Niger ]
Ibrahim Aichatou1, Sido Yacouba Amir2, Issa Zakari Mahaman Mourtala3, and Dan Lamso Nomaou4
1 Département des cultures irriguées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Niamey, Niger
2 Département des cultures irriguées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Niamey, Niger
3 Département de gestion des ressources naturelles, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Kollo, Niger
4 Faculty of Agronomy, Université Abdou Moumouni University, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2025 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Rice is one of the main crops of irrigated perimeters of the Niger River Valley. Reasoned fertilization on rice diocers is very important in improving yields, decreasing nutrient losses but also conservation of soil. The objective of this study is to characterize the physico-chemical solutions of soils to evaluate the effects of several fertilization formulas on the production of three varieties of rice at the irrigated niamey and Tillabéry perimeters. The study is carried out in two stages first one on the soil analyzes and the other on agricultural tests. Solutions of solutions were conducted at the Liborated sites, Saadia Amount and N’Dounga 1 during the year 2023. All ten samples taken were studied at the Social Science Laboratory of the Faculty of Agronomy and the LANB laboratory to know the physicochemical characteristics of the soil of the sites. Study of the study sites. For testing, kogoni91-1 (rifles), Orylux and IR15 rice varieties were used in a 2123 winter season and dry season 2023. The experimental device is the blocking block (3x5) with two factors: the 1st factor as variety with three varieties (Gambiaka; Orylux and IR15) and the 2nd factor fertilizer factor feature with five treatments: T0 = N122P30K30 (peasant practice); T1 = N138P90K60; T2 = N175P112 K60; T3 = N100P120K 50S20ZN2; T4 = N122P30K30S20ZN2. The soil analysis of the three sites have shown that soils have lemon-sandbrandex textures (Liborated and N’Dounga 1) and limited texture to Saadia upstream. The soils of the three sites are low in chemical and poor elements in exchangeable bases. The rates of organic matter and total nitrogen decrease with the depth at all the sites studied. The performance of genotypes are influenced by the imposed treatments or the environment in which the culture has been installed. During the dry season, the best combinations and also the most stable in the three sites are the variety 2 with T4 treatment and variety 1 with T4. During the rainy season, the variety combination 2 and T4 treatment has a high and stable yield to Liborated and Ndounga1 while the variety combination 3 with T4 treatment is the best performance in Saadia AMONT. The comparison of the averages shows that the highest average yield was obtained with the T4 formula combined with the varieties that are V1, V2 and V3 for the dry season and the wintering season.
Author Keywords: rice, soil fertilization, feature feet of fertilizer, variety, Liboré, Saadia Amont, N’Dounga1 and Niger.
Ibrahim Aichatou1, Sido Yacouba Amir2, Issa Zakari Mahaman Mourtala3, and Dan Lamso Nomaou4
1 Département des cultures irriguées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Niamey, Niger
2 Département des cultures irriguées, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Niamey, Niger
3 Département de gestion des ressources naturelles, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Kollo, Niger
4 Faculty of Agronomy, Université Abdou Moumouni University, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2025 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Rice is one of the main crops of irrigated perimeters of the Niger River Valley. Reasoned fertilization on rice diocers is very important in improving yields, decreasing nutrient losses but also conservation of soil. The objective of this study is to characterize the physico-chemical solutions of soils to evaluate the effects of several fertilization formulas on the production of three varieties of rice at the irrigated niamey and Tillabéry perimeters. The study is carried out in two stages first one on the soil analyzes and the other on agricultural tests. Solutions of solutions were conducted at the Liborated sites, Saadia Amount and N’Dounga 1 during the year 2023. All ten samples taken were studied at the Social Science Laboratory of the Faculty of Agronomy and the LANB laboratory to know the physicochemical characteristics of the soil of the sites. Study of the study sites. For testing, kogoni91-1 (rifles), Orylux and IR15 rice varieties were used in a 2123 winter season and dry season 2023. The experimental device is the blocking block (3x5) with two factors: the 1st factor as variety with three varieties (Gambiaka; Orylux and IR15) and the 2nd factor fertilizer factor feature with five treatments: T0 = N122P30K30 (peasant practice); T1 = N138P90K60; T2 = N175P112 K60; T3 = N100P120K 50S20ZN2; T4 = N122P30K30S20ZN2. The soil analysis of the three sites have shown that soils have lemon-sandbrandex textures (Liborated and N’Dounga 1) and limited texture to Saadia upstream. The soils of the three sites are low in chemical and poor elements in exchangeable bases. The rates of organic matter and total nitrogen decrease with the depth at all the sites studied. The performance of genotypes are influenced by the imposed treatments or the environment in which the culture has been installed. During the dry season, the best combinations and also the most stable in the three sites are the variety 2 with T4 treatment and variety 1 with T4. During the rainy season, the variety combination 2 and T4 treatment has a high and stable yield to Liborated and Ndounga1 while the variety combination 3 with T4 treatment is the best performance in Saadia AMONT. The comparison of the averages shows that the highest average yield was obtained with the T4 formula combined with the varieties that are V1, V2 and V3 for the dry season and the wintering season.
Author Keywords: rice, soil fertilization, feature feet of fertilizer, variety, Liboré, Saadia Amont, N’Dounga1 and Niger.
Abstract: (french)
Le riz est l’une des principales cultures des périmètres irrigués de la vallée du fleuve Niger. La fertilisation raisonnée sur les périmètres rizicoles est très importante dans l’amélioration des rendements, la diminution des pertes des nutriments mais aussi la conservation de sol. L’objectif de cette étude est de caractériser les paramètres physico-chimiques des sols afin d’évaluer les effets de plusieurs formules de fertilisation sur la production de trois variétés du riz au niveau des périmètres irrigués de Niamey et Tillabéry. L’étude est réalisée en deux étapes d’abord une sur les analyses des sols et l’autre sur les essais agronomiques. Des prélèvements de sol ont été effectués au niveau des sites des Liboré, Saadia Amont et N’Dounga 1 au cours de l’année 2023. Tous les dix échantillons prélevés ont été étudiés au laboratoire de science du sol de la faculté d’agronomie et du laboratoire de l’INRAN pour connaitre les caractéristiques physico- chimiques du sol des sites d’étude. Pour les essais, les variétés de riz Kogoni91-1 (Gambiaka), Orylux et IR15 ont été utilisées en saison d’hivernage 2023 et saison sèche 2023. Le dispositif expérimental est le dispositif en factoriel bloc (3x5) avec deux facteurs: le 1er facteur comme variété avec trois variétés (Gambiaka; orylux et IR15) et le 2e facteur dose d’engrais avec cinq traitements: T0 = N122P30K30 (Pratique paysanne); T1 = N138P90K60; T2 = N175P112 K60; T3 = N100P120K 50S20Zn2; T4 = N122P30K30S20Zn2. L’analyse des sols des trois sites ont montré que les sols ont des textures limono-sableuses (Liboré et N’Dounga 1) et texture limoneuse à Saadia Amont. Les sols des trois sites sont faibles en éléments chimiques et pauvre en bases échangeables. Les taux de la matière organique et l’azote total diminuent avec la profondeur au niveau de tous les sites étudiés. Les performances des génotypes sont influencées par les traitements imposés ou l’environnement dans lequel la culture s’est installée. Pendant la saison sèche, les meilleures combinaisons et aussi les plus stables dans les trois sites sont la variété 2 avec traitement T4 et variété 1 avec T4. Pendant la saison pluviale, la combinaison variété 2 et traitement T4 a un rendement élevé et stable à Liboré et à N’Dounga1 alors que la combinaison variété 3 avec traitement T4 est la meilleure en rendement à Saadia Amont. La Comparaison des moyennes montre que le rendement moyen le plus élevé a été obtenu avec la formule T4 combiné avec les variétés qui sont V1, V2 et V3 pour la saison sèche et la saison d’hivernage.
Author Keywords: riz, fertilisation du sol, formule dose d’engrais, variété, Liboré, Saadia Amont, N’Dounga1 et Niger.
