This study focuses on technical debt in web development, specifically how the early adoption of Storybook can mitigate this challenge. Our research used a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data on code quality and technical debt metrics with a qualitative case study involving three development teams. Storybook is a powerful tool for designing components with well-defined interaction patterns. By integrating these practices, it not only improves software quality and maintainability but also aids work in agile development environments. Technical debt often arises when teams create components with deficient interaction patterns; however, Storybook enables programmers to build components with consistent interaction patterns, which increases productivity and minimizes errors. In summary, the findings strongly suggest that integrating atomic design principles with interaction patterns and specialized tools like Storybook optimizes development processes, enhances technical debt management, and leads to the creation of more resilient and effective software.

Animal feed is a major source of contamination by toxigenic fungi. The objective of this study was to provide an overview of fungal contamination in animal feed and to explore alternative treatments. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in eight localities in the Maradi region through semi-structured interviews with livestock breeders, veterinarians, animal health officers, medical doctors, and biologists. A total of 539 individuals were interviewed, including 457 breeders, 45 animal health officers and veterinarians, and 37 medical and biological professionals. The study revealed that 20% of fungal contaminations originate from forages. Indicators such as moist forage with black spots, contaminated water, odor changes, and rotten feed residues were identified as warning signs. The most commonly reported diseases included foot-and-mouth disease, fever, lumpy skin disease, rhinitis, pasteurellosis, anthrax, bloating, diarrhea, intestinal worms, infections of unknown origin, allergies, laminitis, avian influenza, colic, and sheep pox. The main symptoms observed were weakness, reduced feed intake, rough hair coat, dry nostrils, lack of rumination, and weight loss. Viral infections were the most frequently encountered, accounting for 45% of the reported cases. According to 45% of doctors and biologists, mycotoxins can be transmitted to humans through the consumption of contaminated meat. To mitigate the effects of fungal contamination, veterinarians often use antimicrobial agents. However, effective alternative treatments using medicinal plants could be explored to improve animal health and food safety.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of using the adapted Gangaria seeder combined with localized organomineral fertilization on labor productivity, yield and profitability of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cultivation in Niger. A randomized block trial with four treatments crossing sowing method (manual or mechanized) and fertilization (with or without microdose) was conducted over two (2) agricultural seasons (2023 and 2024) in the Mardi and Zinder region. The results show that mechanized sowing halved the working time per hectare and contributed to a significant improvement in grain yields up to 959 kgha -1 and dried haulm (1052 kgha -1) at the level of the mechanized treatment combined with localized fertilizer inputs (T3). Mechanization alone resulted in an increase in grain yield of 180 kg/ha, a 26.8% improvement compared to manual sowing. The average yield of the two treatments obtained with the application of microdoses of compost was 274 kg/ha higher than the yield in the two treatments without microdoses, which corresponds to an increase of 43.0%. Compared to manual sowing, the economic analysis shows that mechanized sowing without fertilizer application (T2) generates the highest net margin, due to the high cost of purchased compost. Local production of compost thus appears as an alternative to optimize the benefits of the technology. The use of the adapted Gangaria seeder constitutes a promising strategy to sustainably increase agricultural productivity and improve the agricultural incomes of cowpea producers in Niger.

This article examines the importance of information technology as a tool and support for informal private sector operators. Despite limited use of information technology, entrepreneurs recognize the importance of telecommunications, particularly smartphones, for their businesses. The article raises questions about these operators’ understanding and adoption of information technology, while advocating for increased awareness of its benefits. The objectives of this study include increasing the appeal of information technology tools and recognizing their essential role in communication and improving productivity. As a pillar of the business environment, information technology is presented as indispensable for management, monitoring, and innovation. The rapid evolution of information technology and its integration into various sectors underscore the need for businesses to adapt to new technologies. Social media, in particular, is identified as crucial platforms for marketing and business development. They strongly influence consumer purchasing decisions and facilitate the creation of lasting customer relationships.

This study examines the environmental impact of gold mining activities, particularly focusing on the Kiniero Gold Mine in Guinea. Utilizing Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology, the study evaluates potential environmental impacts from exploration to post-mining phases. Seven impact categories are assessed using ReCiPe 2016 H, CML-IA, and IMPACT 2002 + methods via OpenLCA 1.11 2021 software. These categories include particulate matter formation, global warming, non-carcinogenic human toxicity, land use, aquatic eutrophication, metal resource depletion, and water consumption. Findings reveal that the exploitation phase has the most substantial environmental impact, notably through greenhouse gas emissions, primarily Carbon dioxide (90%), Methane (9%) and Nitrogen monoxide (1%) from diesel combustion. Metal emissions into water contribute significantly to non-carcinogenic human toxicity, while aquatic eutrophication is mainly attributed to nitrogenous nutrient emissions from gold ore processing (N: 76%, NH_4^+: 15%, NO_3^-: 6% and NH3: 3%). Climate change emerges as the most significant impact, equivalent to the impact of three individuals annually compared to other impacts. To mitigate these effects, reducing GES emissions by replacing diesel with biodiesel in transportation and promoting renewable energy for electricity production is suggested. Applying LCA facilitates environmentally sustainable mining practices, preserving ecosystems, and mitigating climate change risks.

Since the discovery of the first oil showings in the Tamesna sub-basin (north-western Niger) in the 1960s, several oil exploration campaigns have been undertaken in the other Niger basins. These are Eastern Niger and Djado basins. From 2008 onwards, continued oil exploration led to the development of the Goumeri, Sokor and Agadi fields. Thanks to new economically profitable discoveries, Niger has been exporting crude oil since 2024. However, challenges remain, requiring in-depth geological and geophysical studies to increase reserves. Indeed, the Boul-1D well, drilled in 2016 in the Boul prospect on the Bilma block, revealed no hydrocarbons despite promising indications observed during drilling. This lack of productivity is all the more surprising given that the area was covered by a 3D seismic survey and lies in close proximity to the productive Gabobl-1D well. To better understand the reasons for the non-productivity, investigations were carried out to determine the characteristics of the petroleum system at the northeastern end of the Termit Basin, focusing on the Boul prospect, and using seismic and logging data in particular. Three software packages were used to carry out these investigations. GeoEast was used to analyze seismic data, Techlog to study logging data and Petrel to correlate well data. To deepen the investigations, sample analyses (cuttings and cores) and pressure tests (RFT) were carried out to better identify reservoir levels. An in-depth analysis was then carried out to understand the reasons for the non-productivity of the Boul-1D well, and to determine the key factors for successful drilling in the study area. This study shows that lateral sealing is the main cause of drilling failure in exploration activities in the northeastern part of the Termit Basin. This lateral sealing is the first important factor to which more attention needs to be paid. The phenomenon of hydrocarbon dissipation in the Madama formation is the second factor to be closely monitored when evaluating prospects in this area.

A regional cartographic and tectonic study provided us with valuable information on the geological processes that shaped this region and its structural characteristics. This study allowed us to better understand the regional tectonics and briefly describe the geological history of the region and the formation of the main geological units. Geological mapping: Produce a detailed geological map of the rock formations of the region, including major geological units, faults, folds, lithological contacts and geological structures (faults, folds and deformation zones). The processing of the structural data highlighted the fact that the area was affected by several phases of deformation or orogeny. It is a polyphase zone. Statistical analysis with representation of the fracture distribution confirms the presence of three major peaks. This provides irrefutable proof that the area was affected by: - ​​A family of submeridian breaks including NNW-SSE directed breaks. - An ENE-WSW fracture family. - And another fracture family orthogonal to the previous one, directed WNW-SE. The tectonic regime index (R’) values ​​of 2.62 and 2 confirm that the study area was subjected to two types of regimes: the compressive regime and the shear regime. Using Win Tensor software, we understood that from a tectonic point of view, the area is polyphase, and the analysis with distribution representation highlighted the presence of three major peaks, confirming the presence of three fracture families: the NNW-SSE fracture family, the ENE-WSW fracture family, and the WNW-ESE fracture family. Based on the different results obtained from R’, the index of the tectonic regime (rotational optimization of stress tensor and PBT axes), two types of tectonic regimes are derived, namely a compressive regime with R’ = 2.62 and a shear regime with R’ = 2.

This petrographic study involves analyzing rocks to understand their mineralogical composition, origin, and characteristics. The regional geological description allowed us to understand its geological history as well as the diversity of its rock formations by identifying and characterizing the different rocks present in the region. Microscopic analysis of thin sections helped us understand the mineralogical composition of our geological formations to gain insight into the geological processes that formed these rocks and their importance in understanding the geological phenomena of the region. In short, the study area includes metamorphic assemblages: gneisses, migmatites, amphibolites, amphiboloschists, chloritoschists, and metaquartzites. They therefore correspond to three metamorphic domains: Epizone, Mesozone, and Catazone.