Aubin Manhoubié N’DOUBA1, Sahi Roland Diomande2, Tra Dieudonné TRA BI3, Eboua Narcise WANDAN4, and Eric Fattoh ELLEINGAND5
1 Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels, de Synthèse, de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles, IPNP- H, BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
2 Laboratoire de Mécanique et Sciences des Matériaux, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
3 Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels, de Synthèse, de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles, IPNP- H, BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
4 Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels, de Synthèse, de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles, IPNP- H, BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire
5 Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels, de Synthèse et de l’Environnement (LAPISEN), Institut National Polytechnique Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), BP 1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire
Original language: English
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Abstract
The intensification of pesticide used in agriculture, although essential for crop productivity and the preservation of agricultural products, raises serious concerns due to its potential effects on human health and ecosystems. In Côte d’Ivoire, dessert banana cultivation relies on the use of plant protection products, whose environmental fate remains poorly documented. This study aims to compare the levels of contamination in environmental matrices (soil, water, sediment, and air) in three dessert banana production areas (Banacomoé, Elima, and Niéky) using level I of the Equilibrium Criterion (E.Q.C) multimedia model developed by Mackay. The results of the study showed that soil is the most contaminated matrix when pesticides are used, with log10 (mass) values ranging from 1.5 to 6. In fact, the Niéky and Banacomoé areas have a contamination order of matrices given as: soil > water > sediment > air; unlike the Elima area, where the order is as follows: soil > sediment > water > air. Taking specific volumes into account, a difference is observed between the areas through an increasing gradient of overall contamination, with Niéky < Banacomoé < Elima, with maximum concentrations of 0.44, 2.3 and 7.7 mmol·m⁻3, respectively. Analysis of the active substances common to the three areas identified four molecules (mancozeb, oxamyl, glyphosate and chlorothalonil), whose relative abundance depends on the area. The results also showed that level I of the E.Q.C. model is a relevant tool for assessing the spatial distribution of contaminants in environmental matrices and comparing the impact of pesticides in agricultural areas.
Author Keywords: E.Q.C. model, pesticides, dessert bananas, contamination of environmental matrices.
