[ Vulnérabilité à La Pollution des Eaux Souterraines : Statique ou Dynamique ? Application à la Nappe de R'Mel (Maroc) ]
Volume 6, Issue 4, July 2014, Pages 929–940
Hind ES SAOUINI1, Mina AMHARREF2, and Abdes Samed BERNOUSSI3
1 Equipe Géoinformation et Aménagement du Territoire (GAT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B.P.416, Tanger, Maroc
2 Equipe Géoinformation et Aménagement du Territoire (GAT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B.P.416, Tanger, Maroc
3 Equipe Géoinformation et Aménagement du Territoire (GAT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B.P.416, Tanger, Maroc
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Vulnerability maps of groundwater pollution are basic tools for land use planning. However, some of the parameters taken into account by the different methods of vulnerability assessment may vary over time such as recharge, rainfall, groundwater level, etc. In the present work, through the application of the DRASTIC method to evaluate the intrinsic vulnerability of the porous aquifer R'Mel (Morocco), and using the data of three different years, we showed that intrinsic vulnerability varies from one year to another, i.e. that it is dynamic. For this we compared the years 2000, 2003 and 2005 selected for their different rainfall. The sensitivity maps obtained are different from one year to the next and the errors margins determined for each map are low and slightly different. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis showed that the effect of parameters on the final vulnerability index changes from one map to another and that all parameters are necessary to apply the DRASTIC method. Analysis of these maps shows great variability in the spatial distribution of the degree of vulnerability, and that the proportions of areas occupied by the different classes vary also from one year to another. These vulnerability maps developed by the application of the model DRASTIC, are dynamic and therefore they can compromise the protection of resources.
Author Keywords: Vulnerability, dynamic, DRASTIC, groundwater mapping, R'Mel's aquifer, Morocco.
Volume 6, Issue 4, July 2014, Pages 929–940
Hind ES SAOUINI1, Mina AMHARREF2, and Abdes Samed BERNOUSSI3
1 Equipe Géoinformation et Aménagement du Territoire (GAT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B.P.416, Tanger, Maroc
2 Equipe Géoinformation et Aménagement du Territoire (GAT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B.P.416, Tanger, Maroc
3 Equipe Géoinformation et Aménagement du Territoire (GAT), Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B.P.416, Tanger, Maroc
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Vulnerability maps of groundwater pollution are basic tools for land use planning. However, some of the parameters taken into account by the different methods of vulnerability assessment may vary over time such as recharge, rainfall, groundwater level, etc. In the present work, through the application of the DRASTIC method to evaluate the intrinsic vulnerability of the porous aquifer R'Mel (Morocco), and using the data of three different years, we showed that intrinsic vulnerability varies from one year to another, i.e. that it is dynamic. For this we compared the years 2000, 2003 and 2005 selected for their different rainfall. The sensitivity maps obtained are different from one year to the next and the errors margins determined for each map are low and slightly different. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis showed that the effect of parameters on the final vulnerability index changes from one map to another and that all parameters are necessary to apply the DRASTIC method. Analysis of these maps shows great variability in the spatial distribution of the degree of vulnerability, and that the proportions of areas occupied by the different classes vary also from one year to another. These vulnerability maps developed by the application of the model DRASTIC, are dynamic and therefore they can compromise the protection of resources.
Author Keywords: Vulnerability, dynamic, DRASTIC, groundwater mapping, R'Mel's aquifer, Morocco.
Abstract: (french)
Les cartes de vulnérabilité à la pollution des eaux souterraines sont des outils de base en matière d'aménagement des territoires. Toutefois, certains paramètres pris en compte par les différentes méthodes d'évaluation de la vulnérabilité sont susceptibles de varier dans le temps tels que la recharge, la pluviométrie, le niveau piézométrique, etc. Dans ce travail, à travers l'application de la méthode DRASTIC à l'évaluation de la vulnérabilité de l'aquifère poreux de R'Mel (Maroc), et en utilisant les données relatives à trois années distinctes, nous avons montré que la vulnérabilité intrinsèque est variable d'une année à l'autre, càd qu'elle est dynamique. Pour cela nous avons considéré les années 2000, 2003 et 2005 choisies pour leurs pluviométries différentes. Les cartes de vulnérabilité obtenues sont différentes sur les trois années et les marges d'erreurs déterminées sur chacune des cartes sont faibles et légèrement différentes. Par ailleurs, l'analyse de sensibilité effectuée a montré que l'effet des paramètres sur l'indice final de vulnérabilité change d'une carte à l'autre et que tous les paramètres sont nécessaires pour le modèle DRASTIC. L'analyse de ces cartes montre une grande variabilité de la répartition spatiale des degrés de vulnérabilité. Egalement les superficies occupées par les différentes classes varient sur les trois années. Ces cartes de vulnérabilité élaborées par l'application du model DRASTIC, s'avèrent dynamiques et par conséquent elles peuvent compromettre la protection des ressources.
Author Keywords: Vulnérabilité, dynamique, DRASTIC, eaux souterraines, cartographie, R'Mel, Maroc.
How to Cite this Article
Hind ES SAOUINI, Mina AMHARREF, and Abdes Samed BERNOUSSI, “Vulnerability of the Groundwater Pollution: Static or Dynamic? Application of R'Mel's Aquifer (Morocco),” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 929–940, July 2014.
