[ Caractérisation physico-chimique et biologique des eaux en zone périurbaine en Afrique équatoriale : cas de Ngoumou au Centre du Cameroun ]
Volume 23, Issue 1, April 2018, Pages 33–43
AJEAGAH GIDEON AGHAINDUM1, MBAINAISSEM MBAIMOU SERGE2, NJIAWOUO POUNTIGNIGNI3, and NGAKOMO ROSE ANANGA4
1 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
2 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
3 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
4 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Populations located in peri-urban areas are often resigned to using groundwater and surface water as sources of drinking water without, however, worrying about their quality. In order to assess the quality of these waters, a study was carried out in the peri-urban area of Ngoumou. For this study, three sampling stations in the Ebongo stream and three wells were selected. Several physico-chemical variables coupled with biological variables were used to determine the quality of these waters. The analysis of the physicochemical variables reveals that these waters are acid, weakly mineralized and relatively well oxygenated. For biological analyzes, three biological components were used: bacteria, ciliate protozoa and benthic macroinvertebrates. Bacteriological analyzes show that these waters contain bacteria of fecal origin. A total of 698 ciliate individuals belonging to 3 classes, 7 orders and 19 families were harvested. The calculated Shen and Jiang biotic index shows a degradation of water quality from upstream to downstream. Concerning benthic macrofauna, 968 individuals belonging to 3 branches, 4 classes, 7 orders and 25 families were recorded. The Hilsenhoff biotic index reveals that the watercourse is of average to good ecological quality and degrades from upstream to downstream as a result of inputs from runoff and agricultural inputs.
Author Keywords: bacteria, ciliates, macroinvertebrates, degradation, fecal contamination, water quality.
Volume 23, Issue 1, April 2018, Pages 33–43
AJEAGAH GIDEON AGHAINDUM1, MBAINAISSEM MBAIMOU SERGE2, NJIAWOUO POUNTIGNIGNI3, and NGAKOMO ROSE ANANGA4
1 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
2 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
3 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
4 Département de Biologie et Physiologie Animales, Université de Yaoundé I, BP : 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Populations located in peri-urban areas are often resigned to using groundwater and surface water as sources of drinking water without, however, worrying about their quality. In order to assess the quality of these waters, a study was carried out in the peri-urban area of Ngoumou. For this study, three sampling stations in the Ebongo stream and three wells were selected. Several physico-chemical variables coupled with biological variables were used to determine the quality of these waters. The analysis of the physicochemical variables reveals that these waters are acid, weakly mineralized and relatively well oxygenated. For biological analyzes, three biological components were used: bacteria, ciliate protozoa and benthic macroinvertebrates. Bacteriological analyzes show that these waters contain bacteria of fecal origin. A total of 698 ciliate individuals belonging to 3 classes, 7 orders and 19 families were harvested. The calculated Shen and Jiang biotic index shows a degradation of water quality from upstream to downstream. Concerning benthic macrofauna, 968 individuals belonging to 3 branches, 4 classes, 7 orders and 25 families were recorded. The Hilsenhoff biotic index reveals that the watercourse is of average to good ecological quality and degrades from upstream to downstream as a result of inputs from runoff and agricultural inputs.
Author Keywords: bacteria, ciliates, macroinvertebrates, degradation, fecal contamination, water quality.
Abstract: (french)
Les populations situées dans les zones périurbaines sont souvent résignées à recourir aux eaux souterraines et aux eaux de surfaces comme sources d’approvisionnement en eau de consommation sans toutefois se préoccuper de leur qualité. Dans l’objectif d’évaluer la qualité de ces eaux, une étude a été menée dans la zone périurbaine de la Commune de Ngoumou. Pour cette étude, trois stations d’échantillonnages dans le cours d’eau Ebongo et trois puits ont été retenu. Plusieurs variables physico-chimiques couplées aux variables biologiques ont été utilisées pour statuer sur la qualité de ces eaux. L’analyse des variables physico-chimiques révèlent que ces eaux sont acides, faiblement minéralisées et relativement bien oxygénées. Pour les analyses biologiques, trois composantes biologiques ont été utilisées : bactéries, protozoaires ciliés et macroinvertébrés benthiques. Des analyses bactériologiques, il en ressort que ces eaux hébergent des bactéries d’origine fécale. Un total de 698 individus de ciliés appartenant à 3 classes, 7 ordres et 19 familles ont été récoltées .L’indice biotique de Shen et Jiang calculé montre une dégradation de la qualité de l’eau de l’amont en aval. Concernant la macrofaune benthique, 968 individus appartenant à 3 embranchements, 4 classes, 7 ordres et 25 familles ont été recensés. L’indice biotique de Hilsenhoff révèle que le cours d’eau est de qualité écologique moyenne à bonne et se dégrade de l’amont en aval suite aux apports par les eaux de ruissellements et intrants agricoles.
Author Keywords: bactéries, ciliés, macroinvertébrés, dégradation, contamination fécale, qualité de l’eau.
How to Cite this Article
AJEAGAH GIDEON AGHAINDUM, MBAINAISSEM MBAIMOU SERGE, NJIAWOUO POUNTIGNIGNI, and NGAKOMO ROSE ANANGA, “Physico-chemical and biological characterization of water in peri-urban areas in Equatorial Africa : case of Ngoumou in the Center of Cameroon,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 33–43, April 2018.
