[ BIOSURVEILLANCE ENVIRONNEMENTALE INTÉGRÉE DES EAUX DE L’OUED OUISLANE (MEKNES, MAROC) ]
Volume 24, Issue 1, August 2018, Pages 269–288
Lahcen KARROUCH1, Abdelkader CHAHLAOUI2, and Adil ESSAHALE3
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, B.P.11.201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
2 Equipe de Gestion et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Laboratoire d’Environnement et Santé, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Moulay Ismail, Meknès, Morocco
3 Health-Environment Service, Provincial Delegation of Health in El Hajeb, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The valley of the Ouislane River (Meknes) undergoes anthropic pressure, which acts mainly on the river water quality. A study of the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the distribution and biodiversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality of the Ouislane River was conducted. This study focused on five stations: from the source to the exit of the city of Meknes, with a monthly sampling frequency in 2010. We analyzed twelve physicochemical parameters and determined the diversity (Shannon-Wiener and Evenness Index) as well as the biological index through the benthic macroinvertebrates, based on the SEQ-V.2 scoring system. The relationships between the physicochemical and the macrobenthic data were investigated by biotypology analysis (PCA and FCA) and Pearson correlation analysis. According to the SEQ-Eau, The results obtained show that the water quality in station (O1) is of good quality, but the ecological functioning of the river is very disturbed ‘‘polluted’’ when it passes through the agglomeration of Meknes (O2). Downstream, the water quality is average in the O4-O5 section. Four variables are involved actively in the individualization of the physico-chemical environment: COD, dissolved oxygen, TSS and BOD5. The total number of macrobenthic taxa and their overall richness indices and diversity indices were significantly higher at the station (O1) than other stations. The analyses showed that the richness and diversity indices were generally influenced by the total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and biology oxygen demand of the river water. This study also highlighted the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the distribution and species diversity of macrobenthic invertebrate. Some sensitive (Trichoptera) and resistant species (Tubifex sp.) are identified as potential bioindicators of river ecosystems. The data obtained in this study supported the use of the bioindicator concept (Innovative Biotechniques for biomonitoring water quality) for North Africa Rivers because it is more efficient than conventional methods.
Author Keywords: water quality, Multivariate Statistical Techniques, Benthic Macroinvertebrates, Morocco.
Volume 24, Issue 1, August 2018, Pages 269–288
Lahcen KARROUCH1, Abdelkader CHAHLAOUI2, and Adil ESSAHALE3
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Meknes, University of Moulay Ismail, B.P.11.201 Zitoune, Meknes, Morocco
2 Equipe de Gestion et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Laboratoire d’Environnement et Santé, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Moulay Ismail, Meknès, Morocco
3 Health-Environment Service, Provincial Delegation of Health in El Hajeb, Morocco
Original language: French
Copyright © 2018 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
The valley of the Ouislane River (Meknes) undergoes anthropic pressure, which acts mainly on the river water quality. A study of the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the distribution and biodiversity of benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality of the Ouislane River was conducted. This study focused on five stations: from the source to the exit of the city of Meknes, with a monthly sampling frequency in 2010. We analyzed twelve physicochemical parameters and determined the diversity (Shannon-Wiener and Evenness Index) as well as the biological index through the benthic macroinvertebrates, based on the SEQ-V.2 scoring system. The relationships between the physicochemical and the macrobenthic data were investigated by biotypology analysis (PCA and FCA) and Pearson correlation analysis. According to the SEQ-Eau, The results obtained show that the water quality in station (O1) is of good quality, but the ecological functioning of the river is very disturbed ‘‘polluted’’ when it passes through the agglomeration of Meknes (O2). Downstream, the water quality is average in the O4-O5 section. Four variables are involved actively in the individualization of the physico-chemical environment: COD, dissolved oxygen, TSS and BOD5. The total number of macrobenthic taxa and their overall richness indices and diversity indices were significantly higher at the station (O1) than other stations. The analyses showed that the richness and diversity indices were generally influenced by the total suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and biology oxygen demand of the river water. This study also highlighted the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the distribution and species diversity of macrobenthic invertebrate. Some sensitive (Trichoptera) and resistant species (Tubifex sp.) are identified as potential bioindicators of river ecosystems. The data obtained in this study supported the use of the bioindicator concept (Innovative Biotechniques for biomonitoring water quality) for North Africa Rivers because it is more efficient than conventional methods.
Author Keywords: water quality, Multivariate Statistical Techniques, Benthic Macroinvertebrates, Morocco.
Abstract: (french)
Dans la vallée de l’Oued Ouislane, les activités urbaines, industrielles et agricoles s’intensifient d’une année à une autre et par conséquent, les polluants affectent la qualité du milieu aquatique et sa composition faunistique. Cette étude a porté sur cinq stations sur le lit de l’Oued Ouislane depuis la source à la sortie de la ville de Meknès, avec une fréquence de prélèvement mensuel (en 2010). Nous avons analysé douze paramètres physico-chimiques et déterminer la diversité (indice de Shannon-Wiener et Équitabilité) ainsi que l’indice biologique par le biais des macroinvertébrés benthiques. Les relations entre les données physico-chimiques et macroinvertébrées ont été étudiées par analyse biotypologique (ACP et AFC) et par analyse de corrélation de Pearson. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’eau en amont du cours d’eau (O1) est de qualité assez bonne, par contre le fonctionnement écologique de l'Oued Ouislane est très perturbé lors de son passage dans l’agglomération de Meknès (O2), par comparaison à la grille de la qualité des eaux superficielles (SEQ-Eau). En aval, la qualité d'eau est moyenne dans le tronçon O4-O5. Quatre variables interviennent activement dans l'individualisation de l'environnement physico-chimique: DCO, oxygène dissous (O2), matière en suspension (MES) et DBO5. Le nombre total de taxons macroinvertébrés benthiques et leurs indices de richesse-diversité étaient significativement plus élevés dans la station amont (O1) que dans les autres stations. L’analyse biotypologique montre que les indices de richesse et de diversité étaient généralement influencés par la demande chimique en oxygène et la matière en suspension (MES), la demande biologique en oxygène. Cette étude a également mis en évidence les impacts des activités anthropiques sur la répartition et la diversité des macroinvertébrés benthiques. Certaines espèces sensibles (Trichoptères) et résistantes (Tubifex sp.) sont identifiées comme des bioindicateurs potentiels d'écosystèmes fluviaux. Les données obtenues dans cette étude ont appuyé l'utilisation du concept de bioindicateurs (Innovation Biotechniques pour la Biosurveillance la qualité de l'eau) pour les rivières de l'Afrique du Nord parce qu'il est plus efficace que les méthodes conventionnelles.
Author Keywords: Qualité de l’Eau, Techniques statistiques multivariées, Macroinvertébrés Benthique, Maroc.
How to Cite this Article
Lahcen KARROUCH, Abdelkader CHAHLAOUI, and Adil ESSAHALE, “INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL BIOMONITORING OF THE WATERS QUALITY IN OUISLANE RIVER (MEKNES, MOROCCO),” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 269–288, August 2018.
