Volume 29, Issue 4, July 2020, Pages 926–935
A. J. Mamadou1, T. Djima2, Douma Soumana3, M. M. Inoussa4, A. Mahamane5, and M. Saadou6
1 Laboratoire de Botanique - Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
2 Laboratoire de Biologie Garba Mounkaila, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
3 MC au Laboratoire Garba Mounkaila, Université Abdou Moumouni, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B. P 10662 Niamey, Niger
4 Laboratoire de Biologie Garba Mounkaila, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
5 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Diffa, Diffa, Niger
6 Laboratoire de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo, Maradi, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This work aims to describe the botanical and phytochemical characteristics of Chrozophora brocchiana (Vis.) Schweinf (Euphorbiaceae), a plant used to prepare traditional remedies for the treatment of diarrhea in children.The methodology is based on a macroscopic description of the fresh drug followed by a microscopic description, the estimate of the water content and total ash content in the dry drug, and then the characterization reactions of the large chemical groups in the water extract obtained from the sprayed dry drug.C. brocchiana is a perennial perennial herbaceous plant, greyish green and whitish in colour during the dry season when hairs are longer and denser. The powder of the dry drug is cottony to the touch, with no flavor or smell characteristic of fresh butter color, code #FFF48D. The conductive beams of the leaf at the main rib are arranged in an arc next to a massif. The limb has a bifacial heterogeneous mesophile. The epidermis has many tecting hairs, usually starry or dendritic, longer and denser during the dry season a mark of adaptation of this plant to drought. The wooden vessels are in radial lines interspersed with woody parenchyme. Micrography highlights isolated or grouped single-celled tctory hairs, rounded to oval starch grains, and calcium oxalate crystals. The dry drug C. brocchiana can be stored without risk of degradation by the development of microorganisms (humidity rate: 9.1-0.75%). The drug is not rich in minerals (total ash rate: 9.67-0.76%) but contains a high amount of silica (insoluble ash levels in hydrochloric acid: 3.2-0.1%). The groups of secondary metabolites identified in the sample that could justify the use as an antidiarrheal of C. brocchiana are tannins by their astringent and antiseptic properties, the dares having the ability to retain large amounts of water.Further botanical, phytochemistry and pharmacological activity studies would be needed to explain the traditional use of C. brocchiana as an antidiarrheal in children.
Author Keywords: Botanical study, Phytochime, Chrozophora brocchiana, Medicinal plants, Niger.
A. J. Mamadou1, T. Djima2, Douma Soumana3, M. M. Inoussa4, A. Mahamane5, and M. Saadou6
1 Laboratoire de Botanique - Pharmacognosie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
2 Laboratoire de Biologie Garba Mounkaila, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
3 MC au Laboratoire Garba Mounkaila, Université Abdou Moumouni, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, B. P 10662 Niamey, Niger
4 Laboratoire de Biologie Garba Mounkaila, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger
5 Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université de Diffa, Diffa, Niger
6 Laboratoire de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo, Maradi, Niger
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This work aims to describe the botanical and phytochemical characteristics of Chrozophora brocchiana (Vis.) Schweinf (Euphorbiaceae), a plant used to prepare traditional remedies for the treatment of diarrhea in children.The methodology is based on a macroscopic description of the fresh drug followed by a microscopic description, the estimate of the water content and total ash content in the dry drug, and then the characterization reactions of the large chemical groups in the water extract obtained from the sprayed dry drug.C. brocchiana is a perennial perennial herbaceous plant, greyish green and whitish in colour during the dry season when hairs are longer and denser. The powder of the dry drug is cottony to the touch, with no flavor or smell characteristic of fresh butter color, code #FFF48D. The conductive beams of the leaf at the main rib are arranged in an arc next to a massif. The limb has a bifacial heterogeneous mesophile. The epidermis has many tecting hairs, usually starry or dendritic, longer and denser during the dry season a mark of adaptation of this plant to drought. The wooden vessels are in radial lines interspersed with woody parenchyme. Micrography highlights isolated or grouped single-celled tctory hairs, rounded to oval starch grains, and calcium oxalate crystals. The dry drug C. brocchiana can be stored without risk of degradation by the development of microorganisms (humidity rate: 9.1-0.75%). The drug is not rich in minerals (total ash rate: 9.67-0.76%) but contains a high amount of silica (insoluble ash levels in hydrochloric acid: 3.2-0.1%). The groups of secondary metabolites identified in the sample that could justify the use as an antidiarrheal of C. brocchiana are tannins by their astringent and antiseptic properties, the dares having the ability to retain large amounts of water.Further botanical, phytochemistry and pharmacological activity studies would be needed to explain the traditional use of C. brocchiana as an antidiarrheal in children.
Author Keywords: Botanical study, Phytochime, Chrozophora brocchiana, Medicinal plants, Niger.
Abstract: (french)
Ce travail a pour but de décrire les caractéristiques botaniques et phytochimiques de Chrozophora brocchiana (Vis.) Schweinf (Euphorbiaceae), une plante servant à préparer des remèdes traditionnels du traitement de la diarrhée chez les enfants.La méthodologie repose sur une description macroscopique de la drogue fraîche suivie d’une description microscopique, l’estimation de la teneur en eau et la teneur en cendres totales dans la drogue sèche, puis des réactions de caractérisation des grands groupes chimiques dans l’extrait aqueux obtenu à partir de la drogue sèche pulvérisée.C. brocchiana est une plante herbacée vivace tomenteuse, de couleur vert grisâtre et blanchâtre pendant la saison sèche où les poils généralement étoilés ou dendritiques sont plus longs et plus denses, une marque d’adaptation de cette plante à la sécheresse. La poudre de la drogue sèche est d’aspect cotonneux au toucher, sans saveur ni odeur caractéristiques de couleur beurre frais, de code #FFF48D. Les faisceaux conducteurs de la feuille au niveau de la nervure principale sont disposés en arc à côté d’un massif. Le limbe a un mésophile hétérogène bifacial. Les vaisseaux du bois sont en files radiales intercalées de parenchyme ligneux. La micrographie met en évidence les poils tecteurs unicellulaires isolés ou groupés, les grains d’amidon de forme arrondie à ovalaire, et les cristaux d’oxalate de calcium. La drogue sèche de C. brocchiana peut être conservée sans risque de dégradation par développement de microorganismes (taux d’humidité: 9,1±0,75%). La drogue n’est pas riche en minéraux (taux de cendres totales: 9,67±0,76%) mais contient une forte quantité de silice (taux de cendres insolubles dans l’acide chlorhydrique: 3,2±0,1%). Les groupes de métabolites secondaires identifiés dans l’échantillon qui pourraient justifier l’usage comme antidiarrhéique de C. brocchiana sont les tanins par leurs propriétés astringentes et antiseptiques, les oses ayant la capacité de retenir de fortes quantités d’eau.D’autres études botaniques, de phytochimie et d’activité pharmacologique seraient nécessaires pour expliquer l’emploi traditionnel de C. brocchiana comme antidiarrhéique chez l’enfant.
Author Keywords: Etude botanique, Phytochime, Chrozophora brocchiana, Plantes médicinales, Niger.
How to Cite this Article
A. J. Mamadou, T. Djima, Douma Soumana, M. M. Inoussa, A. Mahamane, and M. Saadou, “Caractéristiques botaniques et phytochimique de Chrozophora brocchiana Vis. (Euphorbiaceae) : Une plante médicinale utilisée dans le traitement des diarrhées au Niger,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 926–935, July 2020.
