[ Causes et fréquences des anémies sévères chez les enfants sous cinq ans à l’Hôpital Général de Référence de Kabinda ]
Volume 31, Issue 3, December 2020, Pages 555–559
B.N. Mukuna1, N.N. Kabyahura2, J.B.M. Kawumbu3, and L.E. Lubangi4
1 Filière Sciences Infirmières, Faculté des Sciences de la santé, Université Pédagogique Nationale Kinshasa Ngaliema, RD Congo
2 Département des Sciences infirmières, Unité de santé de la reproduction et épidémiologie, Université Pédagogique Nationale UPN, RD Congo
3 Filière Sciences Infirmières, Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Tshofa, province de Lomami, RD Congo
4 Section des Sciences infirmières, Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales ISTM Lubao, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Introduction: Severe anemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. An epidemiological analysis would make it possible to estimate the related measures in order to fight effectively against their causes.Methods: The present retrospective descriptive study focuses on severe anemia in children under five years from January to December 2019. Sickle cell patients and children suffering from neoplasia were excluded from this study. All admissions from January to December 2019 and deaths, which met the selection criteria were listed.Results: Out of a total of 2,050 hospitalized children, 413 were admitted for severe anemia (20.1%), and 15.7% of deaths, i.e., a specific mortality of 31.6 p. 1000. Regarding the cause of severe anemia, malaria remains predominant in both sexes with 61.1% / 188 girls, respectively; and 52.9% / 225 boys. The study notes that anemia is much more common in the 2 – 5 years age group - 47.2%. At 88% of these children the outcome was favorable in their sex, also when the child lived in downtown Kabinda, ie 89.1%; also for the 2 - 5 year bracket, i.e. 90.3%.Conclusion: The implementation of the policy of free antimalarial drugs, the use of mosquito nets and awareness raising on basic hygiene measures must be effective. Strengthening these measures at the onset of the rainy seasons would prevent outbreaks of anemia.
Author Keywords: Severe anemias, causes and frequencies of anemia, Anemia in Kabinda.
Volume 31, Issue 3, December 2020, Pages 555–559
B.N. Mukuna1, N.N. Kabyahura2, J.B.M. Kawumbu3, and L.E. Lubangi4
1 Filière Sciences Infirmières, Faculté des Sciences de la santé, Université Pédagogique Nationale Kinshasa Ngaliema, RD Congo
2 Département des Sciences infirmières, Unité de santé de la reproduction et épidémiologie, Université Pédagogique Nationale UPN, RD Congo
3 Filière Sciences Infirmières, Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Tshofa, province de Lomami, RD Congo
4 Section des Sciences infirmières, Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales ISTM Lubao, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2020 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Introduction: Severe anemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. An epidemiological analysis would make it possible to estimate the related measures in order to fight effectively against their causes.Methods: The present retrospective descriptive study focuses on severe anemia in children under five years from January to December 2019. Sickle cell patients and children suffering from neoplasia were excluded from this study. All admissions from January to December 2019 and deaths, which met the selection criteria were listed.Results: Out of a total of 2,050 hospitalized children, 413 were admitted for severe anemia (20.1%), and 15.7% of deaths, i.e., a specific mortality of 31.6 p. 1000. Regarding the cause of severe anemia, malaria remains predominant in both sexes with 61.1% / 188 girls, respectively; and 52.9% / 225 boys. The study notes that anemia is much more common in the 2 – 5 years age group - 47.2%. At 88% of these children the outcome was favorable in their sex, also when the child lived in downtown Kabinda, ie 89.1%; also for the 2 - 5 year bracket, i.e. 90.3%.Conclusion: The implementation of the policy of free antimalarial drugs, the use of mosquito nets and awareness raising on basic hygiene measures must be effective. Strengthening these measures at the onset of the rainy seasons would prevent outbreaks of anemia.
Author Keywords: Severe anemias, causes and frequencies of anemia, Anemia in Kabinda.
Abstract: (french)
Introduction: Les anémies sévères constituent un des motifs important de morbidité et de mortalité des enfants. Une analyse épidémiologique permettrait d’estimer les mesures y relatives afin de lutter efficacement contre leurs causes.Méthodes: La présente étude descriptive rétrospective porte sur les anémies sévères chez les enfants sous cinq ans à partir de janvier à décembre 2019. Les drépanocytaires et les enfants souffrants de néoplasie étaient exclus de cette étude. Toutes les admissions de janvier à décembre 2019 et les décès, qui répondaient aux critères de sélection ont été répertoriés.Résultats: Sur un total de 2050 enfants hospitalisés, 413 étaient admis pour anémie sévère (20,1 %), et 15,7 % des décès, soit une mortalité spécifique de 31,6 p. 1000. S’agissant de la cause de l’anémie sévère, le paludisme reste prédominant dans les deux sexes avec respectivement 61,1 % /188 filles; et 52,9 % / 225 garçons. L’étude note que l’anémie est beaucoup plus fréquente à la tranche de 2 – 5 ans soit 47,2 %. A 88 % de ces enfants l’issu était favorable dans les deux sexes; aussi lorsque l’enfant habitait le centre-ville de Kabinda soit 89,1 %; également pour la tranche de 2 – 5 ans soit 90,3 %.Conclusion: La mise en œuvre de la politique de gratuité des antipaludiques, l’utilisation des moustiquaires et la sensibilisation sur les mesures d’hygiène de base doivent être effectives. Le renforcement de ces mesures dès le début des saisons pluvieuses préviendrait les flambées d’anémies.
Author Keywords: Anémies sévères, causes et fréquences des anémies, Anémies à Kabinda.
How to Cite this Article
B.N. Mukuna, N.N. Kabyahura, J.B.M. Kawumbu, and L.E. Lubangi, “Causes and frequencies of severe anemia in children under five at the Kabinda General Reference Hospital,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 555–559, December 2020.
