The present study was carried out in the Zone of Health of Bwamanda, in the Provincial Division of the South Ubangi in DRC. The various actors on ground, in particular the male nurses, the patients and the population in general were approximate for better including/understanding their attitude and difficulties compared to the frame of reference. The transport and the costs of care in general like the transport charges, the costs secondary and the tariffs of care probably constitute the most significant barriers compared to the reference. Nevertheless, other barriers could be identified with certainty, more particularly the negative attitude of the male nurses towards the references (because they would decrease their prestige), the deficit of dialogue between the male nurse and his patients, corruption on the level of the hospital and the visits of the culturally obligatory patients for the population. Other cultural barriers are resignation and the recourse to the traditional therapists. This study enabled us to better include/understand the stakes of the frame of reference. It now remains to be seen how the medical services can reinforce the system in order to act on the various determinants favorable to the change.

Night work is work carried out in whole or in part at night, it is work which is a source of particular hardship and which can have consequences for the health of the nursing staff and the patient. Indeed, the nurse's night working conditions do not always give him the means to provide quality care and meet the needs of patients. This study is the result of a study carried out at the General Reference Hospital of Gemena on Night working conditions of nurses at the General Reference Hospital Gemena and quality of care. The objective of this study is to identify the night working conditions of nurses and their repercussions on the quality of care. The collection of data informed us about the different difficulties encountered during the night shift. To carry out this study, we used the survey method. To collect reliable data related to the objective of this study, we used structured observation and face-to-face interview. The results of the study showed that the night working conditions of nurses are moderately sufficient, namely, poor organization of night service, overwork, insufficient protection and safety measures, absence initiatives and financial encouragement for nursing staff, which increases the physical and mental burden of nurses and affects their health. This study highlighted the night working conditions which can have negative repercussions on the quality of care, either by increasing the patient's stay or by complicating their state of health. Night work is completely different from day work, night nurses are exposed more to certain conditions with negative repercussions: on their state of health, and their patients too. The results of the study showed that at the level of this service, the night working conditions are acceptable for 53% of the nurses, they allow the nursing staff to evolve in a climate of satisfaction and motivation.