In the context of climate change, the ecosystems of protected areas are becoming increasingly important both for the preservation of biodiversity and for the livelihoods of local communities. Consequently, it is essential to examine the spatiotemporal dynamics of protected areas. This approach allows for the analysis and understanding of evolving phenomena by simultaneously integrating their spatial dimension and their variation over time, thus constituting an essential tool in geography. It also offers the possibility of representing and modeling trends as well as geographic structures at different temporal scales, thereby facilitating informed decision-making. The objective of this literature review is to provide an overview of the available scientific data on plant diversity and the trends in spatiotemporal dynamics associated with the nine nature reserves in Niger. Thus, this approach highlights the need to conduct retrospective and participatory studies for the sustainable management of these ecosystems in Niger.