Volume 19, Issue 4, March 2017, Pages 750–759
Fatima Zarati1, Hafid Achtak2, Mouna Moutia3, Houria El Housse4, Zainab Ouabdelmoumene5, Kamal Bouisk6, and Norddine HABTI7
1 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
2 Cadi Ayyad University, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Environment and Health Team, Safi, Morocco
3 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
4 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
5 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
6 Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Casablanca, Morocco
7 Laboratoire d’Hématologie, de Génie Génétique et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Casablanca, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
Original language: English
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Introduction: Historically, Morocco has known many successive conquests and invasions that have induced genetic changes in its autochthons population. It’s known that blood groups are among the most polymorphic systems. The study of ABO blood groups showed that their distribution varied in different populations. The aim of this study is to analyze the diversity and genetic differentiation of ABO system in the Moroccan population. Material and methods: Data of ABO system genetic polymorphism from previous study were analyzed using statistical approaches which are the classical and the Bayesian methods. The classical approach has been used to assess genetic differentiation by adopting multivariate analysis type: PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and the index of genetic differentiation Fst. The Bayesian approach was used to assess the genetic structure of ABO system in the Moroccan population compared to other countries. Results: Within the studied Moroccan population, 10 ABO alleles and 21 genotypes were identified. The heterozygosis rate is about 0.74 and 0.72, respectively, for the expected and observed heterozygosis. PCA analysis shows that the studied population forms 4 groups. Data of genetic distances confirm the presence of Morocco within a group formed by Kuwait, Spain and Jordan with low genetic distances of 1%, 1.8% and 2%, respectively. The Bayesian analysis shows that all the countries, except Germany, present 5 genetic pools. Besides Morocco and Kuwait that have been found to present 5 genetic pools with similar frequencies. Conclusion: The Moroccan population studied exhibits similarity with the countries of the Middle East and the southwest of Europe.
Author Keywords: ABO system, diversity, genetic differentiation, PCA, Bayesian approach.
Fatima Zarati1, Hafid Achtak2, Mouna Moutia3, Houria El Housse4, Zainab Ouabdelmoumene5, Kamal Bouisk6, and Norddine HABTI7
1 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
2 Cadi Ayyad University, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Department of Biology, Environment and Health Team, Safi, Morocco
3 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
4 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
5 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Experimental Medicine, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco
6 Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Casablanca, Morocco
7 Laboratoire d’Hématologie, de Génie Génétique et Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Casablanca, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
Original language: English
Copyright © 2017 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Introduction: Historically, Morocco has known many successive conquests and invasions that have induced genetic changes in its autochthons population. It’s known that blood groups are among the most polymorphic systems. The study of ABO blood groups showed that their distribution varied in different populations. The aim of this study is to analyze the diversity and genetic differentiation of ABO system in the Moroccan population. Material and methods: Data of ABO system genetic polymorphism from previous study were analyzed using statistical approaches which are the classical and the Bayesian methods. The classical approach has been used to assess genetic differentiation by adopting multivariate analysis type: PCA (Principal Component Analysis) and the index of genetic differentiation Fst. The Bayesian approach was used to assess the genetic structure of ABO system in the Moroccan population compared to other countries. Results: Within the studied Moroccan population, 10 ABO alleles and 21 genotypes were identified. The heterozygosis rate is about 0.74 and 0.72, respectively, for the expected and observed heterozygosis. PCA analysis shows that the studied population forms 4 groups. Data of genetic distances confirm the presence of Morocco within a group formed by Kuwait, Spain and Jordan with low genetic distances of 1%, 1.8% and 2%, respectively. The Bayesian analysis shows that all the countries, except Germany, present 5 genetic pools. Besides Morocco and Kuwait that have been found to present 5 genetic pools with similar frequencies. Conclusion: The Moroccan population studied exhibits similarity with the countries of the Middle East and the southwest of Europe.
Author Keywords: ABO system, diversity, genetic differentiation, PCA, Bayesian approach.
How to Cite this Article
Fatima Zarati, Hafid Achtak, Mouna Moutia, Houria El Housse, Zainab Ouabdelmoumene, Kamal Bouisk, and Norddine HABTI, “Pattern of Genetic Diversity of ABO system in Moroccan Blood Donors Evidenced by Model-Based Bayesian Clustering,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 750–759, March 2017.
