This article aims to understand the different relational configurations forming the backdrop of the artisanal timber sector in the Tshopo region in the Democratic Republic of Congo and their implications for sustainable local development. Thus, in terms of three types of relationships noted, namely coalitions, negotiations and conflicts, it is shown that this sector is dominated by weak links whose social capital is generally held by artisanal miners, modeled by the weak public policy. As a result, local development suffers as the rules of the game are much more strategic than impersonal.