Our overall objective was to know the ecological and food relations between Tilapia niloticus and Clarias gariepinus in Lake Kivu, precisely in the Kalengera site. The statistical method helped us to compile tables of data from our surveys in our field of study; the analytical method allowed us to analyze all the data and to interpret them, the techniques of the interview by the questionnaire and the documentation allowed us to collect the data of this study, the tools used are the questionnaire, the notepad , pencil and pen. The random sample was determined by Lynch's formula, which for us was more scientific in nature. 25 questionnaires were administered to fishermen and other individuals working in the Kalengera site and 25 others to provincial inspection agents of Agriculture, Fisheries and Livestock with a size of 152 surveyed. The feeding of Tilapia niloticus and Clarias gariepinus must be done taking into account the species but also the stages, among others the fry between them, the juveniles between them and the marsh fish each other according to size, weight and feeding rate to avoid prey and predators in natural selection and protected species umbrellas by several methods in their ecology by the The method of occurrence, number, volume and weight allowed us to study the food ecology of fish (Tilapia niloticus and Clarias gariepinus) which allows to know the number of fish in which each type of food appears to be expressed as a percentage of the total number of fish examined with the total number of individuals of each type of food given as dominant or recessive and to express the volume or weight of each type of food in each stomach with the beneficial percentage of its contents because 99% of Tilapia niloticus species reproduce in pelagic zones by storing their nests in benthic bottom rocks and only 1% can do so at littoral level with the risk of predators while 100% of Clarias gariepinus species bottom their nests. nesting in spawning grounds precisely in coastal macrophytes.

Agricultural underproduction in our country is largely linked to a lack of adequate structural organization of peasant farmers of food crops. This insufficiency plunges our especially rural environments into an almost chronic undernourishment. This study deals with the cassava sector in the Groupings of Irhambi-Katana and Bugorhe, in the territory of Kabare, Province of South Kivu in DR Congo. These two Groups produce a lot of cassava grown and consumed by almost all households but which is sold at a low price and only traders and processors derive a good profit from it in our communities to the detriment of producers. The data for this study were collected using the techniques of simple and participatory observation, the questionnaire, survey, documentation, and the chi-square test. The methods used are: the statistical method, the analytical, the descriptive and the synthetic method. This work responds to the questions and research objectives formulated in advance. We used Microsoft Word and Excel to enter the texts and process the data. Our hypotheses were tested by the statistical results of Chi-square. The study identifies and analyzes the main difficulties of cassava related to production, marketing and its by-products. These difficulties handicap the socio-financial profitability of this product, which penalizes their poorly or unorganized producers. To make it profitable, it is necessary to organize their producers in a promising sector so that they are able to improve farming techniques and transform this cassava into high quality flour. The success of this strategy is possible if our development partners adheres and and that they strongly support the organization and proper functioning of promising agricultural sectors.

This study is carried out in Bugorhe and Irhambi-Katana Grouping in 2019, Kabare Sud-Kivu, DRC. The difficulties linked to the marketing identified therein and its by-product are: Poor associative organization, the products are not preserved because the conservation techniques are not known by almost all tomato growers, Lack of knowledge of the markets and prices, existence of competitors on the same markets, absence of marketing coordination structures.The proposed solutions are: Better organization and training of producers. Better study the markets, control prices, learn about and participate in price variations, improve and adapt the quality of products and by-products, install and operate processing units as coordination structures for tomato-related activities in this place.Our hypotheses are tested on a chi-square basis: those related to the difficulties are confirmed and those related to the solutions to these difficulties are partially invalidated. Dynamic and operational marketing is essential here.

This study is carried out in the Bugorhe and Irhambi-Katana Kabare South Kivu group in the DRC. Our sample is determined using the Lunch Formulation. Data collection is done by observing the survey questionnaire and the group interview.The difficulties with the transformation identified are ignorance of the transformation techniques, the under-information of farmers, neglect to transform.The solutions to these difficulties are: training-information of beneficiaries in processing technique, targeting more motivated actors, capacity building and current practice of this processing-conservation. The identified forms of processing are: freezing, drying and bagging of drying pulp simple, tomato juice fresh tomato pulp, tomato puree; drying and bagging of severed seeds.