Objective: To evaluate the correlation between total anti-Hbc antibody seropositivity and anti-nuclear antibody seropositivity, in order to prove an association between hepatitis B virus infection and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Material and methods: Retrospective case-control study, conducted in the immunology department of CHU Ibn Rochd of Casablanca from January 2017 to January 2022, evaluating the results of the analyses of 1099 patients, in whom a search for antinuclear antibodies was simultaneously carried out with the search for Hbs antigen and total anti-Hbc antibodies. The patients were divided into two groups. A control group with 937 Hbs antigen and Hbct antibody negative patients and a case group with 162 patients positive for total anti-Hbc antibody. Testing for antinuclear antibodies was performed by indirect immunofluorescence on slides sensitised with Hep-2 cells. Hbs antigen and total anti-Hbc antibodies were tested by automated immunochemiluminescence. Results: We obtained a seroprevalence of anti-nuclear antibodies of 40.75% in the case group and 22% in the control group (P <0.0001). No statistically significant difference between the two groups in the frequency distribution of fluorescence patterns in antinuclear antibodies positive patients was observed (P = 0.617). Conclusion: Our study, in correlation with various literature data, affirms an established association between hepatitis B virus and various autoimmune diseases.