Irhambi/Katana situated in the territory of Kabare, province of the South-Kivu (R.D. Congo) is among the main region supplier the city of Bukavu in agricultural product. Our objective is to identify while valuing the sources of deterioration of the observable or measurable earths by the scientists and the farming environment and to put them in relation with the indicators recognized and used by the agriculturist, concerning the quality of the soil of Katana. The survey that lasted 12 months is achieved according to a methodological gait that is inspired by the inventory approach. This inventory consisted to visit the intervention sites (villages) by a transverse walk (transect walk) while following Horizontal axes to identify the sources of deterioration of the soil.
The level of appreciation of these sources of deterioration made itself by free observation with simple and open questions by people of the village met for enlightenments on the state of deterioration of the soil. Our results show that the erosion (60%) to eat the herbs abusively (50%) constitute a problem of management of the soil in Kajuchu; the domestic garbage threa ten the terrestrial environment in Mwanda (45%). The source of soil deterioration identified in the present work will be an indicator privileged to allow farmers to decide the opportunity to exploit or no their soil.