Our study is based on the performance evaluation of treatment line of water on the surface of Tshopo River with the characterization of not treated and treated water according to the level of reduction of chemistry substances and bacteria from fecal things not needed is the not treated water captured. The obtained results prove that soft water of Tshopo River and treated are globally physic-chemistry quality good and very good but the not treated water is very microbiologically polluted. The rates of the reduction of medians very goods are higher than required in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR Congo) about 80 % by the medians of the numbers very probable (NVP) of faeces streptococcus (FS) 28/100 ml and of the faeces coliforms (FC) 0/100 ml against norm of DR Congo about 0/100 ml. Hence, the water quality of Tshopo River has highly increased their two last tenths from the increasing people estimated at 294,37 %, the collector’s absence and water treatment factories as well as the climate conditions particularly after the strong or heavy rains regular in the equatorial zone. Then the necessicity to install the good management of anthropic loss and a good way of cleanness of environment and also adapt, the days of intense rains, an adapted treatment to the changing to different parameters of first priority to analyze in order to improve the quality of water to produce according to the ways as given by the world organization of Health and the DR Congo norms.