[ Valorisation de l'essence aromatique du Thym (Thymus vulgaris L.) en aromathérapie anti-infectieuse ]
Volume 8, Issue 4, October 2014, Pages 1418–1431
Mohamed Nadjib Boukhatem1, Mohamed Amine Ferhat2, Abdelkrim Kameli3, Fairouz Saidi4, Houria Taibi5, and Teffahi Djamel6
1 Departement de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Blida 1 / Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, Blida, Algeria
2 Departement de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria
3 Departement des Sciences Naturelles, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria
4 Departement de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Blida 1 / Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, Blida, Algeria
5 Departement de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Blida 1 / Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, Blida, Algeria
6 Service de Microbiologie Alimentaire, Laboratoire d'Hygiène de Blida, Algeria
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
To the best of the our knowledge, no methodical reports comparing antibacterial effect (in liquid and vapour phase) of the Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TVEO) are available. In the present work, we investigated the antibacterial activity of TVEO in order to deduce the opportunity of using TVEO as an antibacterial drug. The extraction of TVEO was obtained by steam distillation. Chemical composition of the TVEO was determined by Gas Chromatography. A total of thirteen compounds were identified. Carvacrol (83.8%) was the major component, followed by cymene (8.15%) and terpinene (4.96%). Antibacterial action of the TVEO against 23 clinically isolated bacterial strains was determined by using agar disc diffusion and vapour diffusion methods at different doses. By disc diffusion method, TVEO showed potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria more than Gram-negative strains and antibiotic discs. The Diameter of Inhibition Zone (DIZ) varied from 25 to 60 mm for S. aureus, B. subtilis and E. coli. However, the results obtained by both agar diffusion and vapour diffusion methods were different. Significantly higher antibacterial effect was observed in the vapour phase at lower doses. S. aureus and B. subtilis were the most susceptible strains to the oil vapour. Therefore, smaller doses of EO in the vapour phase can be inhibitory to pathogenic bacteria. There is growing evidence that TVEO in vapour phase are effective antiseptic systems and appears worthy to be considered for practical uses in the treatment of human infections or as air decontaminants in hospital. TVEO has considerable antibacterial activity deserving further investigation for clinical applications. Also whilst the mode of action remains mainly undetermined, this experimental approach will need to continue.
Author Keywords: Thymus vulgaris, Antimicrobial drugs, Disc Diffusion, Vapour diffusion, Essential oil, Carvacrol.
Volume 8, Issue 4, October 2014, Pages 1418–1431
Mohamed Nadjib Boukhatem1, Mohamed Amine Ferhat2, Abdelkrim Kameli3, Fairouz Saidi4, Houria Taibi5, and Teffahi Djamel6
1 Departement de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Blida 1 / Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, Blida, Algeria
2 Departement de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria
3 Departement des Sciences Naturelles, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria
4 Departement de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Blida 1 / Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, Blida, Algeria
5 Departement de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaire, Université de Blida 1 / Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Route de Soumaa, Blida, Algeria
6 Service de Microbiologie Alimentaire, Laboratoire d'Hygiène de Blida, Algeria
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
To the best of the our knowledge, no methodical reports comparing antibacterial effect (in liquid and vapour phase) of the Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TVEO) are available. In the present work, we investigated the antibacterial activity of TVEO in order to deduce the opportunity of using TVEO as an antibacterial drug. The extraction of TVEO was obtained by steam distillation. Chemical composition of the TVEO was determined by Gas Chromatography. A total of thirteen compounds were identified. Carvacrol (83.8%) was the major component, followed by cymene (8.15%) and terpinene (4.96%). Antibacterial action of the TVEO against 23 clinically isolated bacterial strains was determined by using agar disc diffusion and vapour diffusion methods at different doses. By disc diffusion method, TVEO showed potent antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria more than Gram-negative strains and antibiotic discs. The Diameter of Inhibition Zone (DIZ) varied from 25 to 60 mm for S. aureus, B. subtilis and E. coli. However, the results obtained by both agar diffusion and vapour diffusion methods were different. Significantly higher antibacterial effect was observed in the vapour phase at lower doses. S. aureus and B. subtilis were the most susceptible strains to the oil vapour. Therefore, smaller doses of EO in the vapour phase can be inhibitory to pathogenic bacteria. There is growing evidence that TVEO in vapour phase are effective antiseptic systems and appears worthy to be considered for practical uses in the treatment of human infections or as air decontaminants in hospital. TVEO has considerable antibacterial activity deserving further investigation for clinical applications. Also whilst the mode of action remains mainly undetermined, this experimental approach will need to continue.
Author Keywords: Thymus vulgaris, Antimicrobial drugs, Disc Diffusion, Vapour diffusion, Essential oil, Carvacrol.
Abstract: (french)
L'objectif assigné à notre travail consiste à valoriser la fraction aromatique d'une plante médicinale, le Thym (Thymus vulgaris L.), en aromathérapie anti-infectieuse. L'extraction de l'essence aromatique de la partie aérienne fraiche de la plante a été effectuée à échelle industrielle par entrainement à la vapeur d'eau. La détermination de la composition chimique de l'huile essentielle (HE) du Thym, faite par Chromatographie gazeuse-Spectrométrie de masse (CG-SM), a révélé la présence de 13 composés représentant un taux de 85,71%. Le composé majoritaire est le carvacrol avec un taux de (83.8%), suivie par le cymène (8.15%) et l terpinène (4.96%). L'étude de l'activité antibactérienne de l'HE a été accomplie par deux méthodes différentes (Aromatogramme et Microatmosphère), sur un large spectre de souches (7 bactéries à Gram+ et 16 à Gram-). En aromatogramme, la fraction terpénique a présenté une activité antibactérienne modérée sur S. aureus, B. subtilis et E. coli avec des Diamètre des Zones d'Inhibition (DZI) variant entre 25 et 60 mm pour la dose de 20 µL. En microatmosphère, l'HE s'est avérée bactériostatique sur un nombre élevé de germes bactériens. Par conséquent, cette fragrance peut servir au traitement et à la désinfection de l'air dans les hôpitaux. Aussi, les souches S. aureus et B. subtilis ont manifesté une sensibilité majeure avec une inhibition quasi-totale. L'utilisation de cette essence pour lutter contre les infections bactériennes parait pleinement justifiée et laissent entrevoir des perspectives d'application dans le domaine pharmaceutique.
Author Keywords: Thymus vulgaris, Antibactériens, Aromatogramme, Microatmosphère, Huile essentielle, Carvacrol.
How to Cite this Article
Mohamed Nadjib Boukhatem, Mohamed Amine Ferhat, Abdelkrim Kameli, Fairouz Saidi, Houria Taibi, and Teffahi Djamel, “Potential application of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil as antibacterial drug in aromatherapy,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1418–1431, October 2014.
