Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2015, Pages 85–94
Araya Mengistu1, Fikre Enquselassie2, Elena Hailu3, Abraham Aseffa4, and Demissew Beyene5
1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
2 School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
3 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
4 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
5 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Original language: English
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem resulting in a considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ethiopia ranks 8th among the 22 high TB burden countries. Establishing an appropriate and improved intervention strategy to prevent and control tuberculosis requires the presence of evidence based data on the genetic diversity of its causative agent. The current research work, therefore, was to differentiate strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients who own cattle in North Eastern and North Western parts of Ethiopia using molecular techniques. Sputum samples were collected from Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium containing glycerol and sodium pyruvate. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from each positive culture, spoligotyping and single nucleotide polymorphisms were performed to further differentiate strains of M. tuberculosis, after deletion typing PCR confirmed that all the isolates were Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mean age of study participants was 35.7 years (18-63 years) + 13.24. The majority (55.7%) were from North Gondar zone. Spoligotyping revealed that (47/50) 94% had interpretable patterns and 3 lineages namely; East-Africa-Indian (57.4%), Euro-American-African (EAA lineage- Lineage 4) 38.3% and Ethiopian (lineage-7) 2/50 (4.3%). Lineage 7 was registered in North Wollo zone only. In this study 8 clusters (with cluster size ranging from 2-8), 8 unique and 10 new patters were recorded. Spoligotype International Types (SIT) (21, 25, 26, 35, 53, 109, 149 and 289) was found as clusters and of this SIT 25 (7) and SIT 289 (8) were the predominant ones. Our study proved that 3 Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages, namely; the ancient, intermediate between the modern lineages as well as modern were identified. Besides, considerable clustering was seen, which indicates the presence of current TB transmission in the study areas.
Author Keywords: Ethiopia, Lineages, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SIT, Tuberculosis, Typing.
Araya Mengistu1, Fikre Enquselassie2, Elena Hailu3, Abraham Aseffa4, and Demissew Beyene5
1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Gondar, Ethiopia
2 School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
3 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
4 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
5 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Original language: English
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem resulting in a considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ethiopia ranks 8th among the 22 high TB burden countries. Establishing an appropriate and improved intervention strategy to prevent and control tuberculosis requires the presence of evidence based data on the genetic diversity of its causative agent. The current research work, therefore, was to differentiate strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients who own cattle in North Eastern and North Western parts of Ethiopia using molecular techniques. Sputum samples were collected from Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium containing glycerol and sodium pyruvate. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from each positive culture, spoligotyping and single nucleotide polymorphisms were performed to further differentiate strains of M. tuberculosis, after deletion typing PCR confirmed that all the isolates were Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The mean age of study participants was 35.7 years (18-63 years) + 13.24. The majority (55.7%) were from North Gondar zone. Spoligotyping revealed that (47/50) 94% had interpretable patterns and 3 lineages namely; East-Africa-Indian (57.4%), Euro-American-African (EAA lineage- Lineage 4) 38.3% and Ethiopian (lineage-7) 2/50 (4.3%). Lineage 7 was registered in North Wollo zone only. In this study 8 clusters (with cluster size ranging from 2-8), 8 unique and 10 new patters were recorded. Spoligotype International Types (SIT) (21, 25, 26, 35, 53, 109, 149 and 289) was found as clusters and of this SIT 25 (7) and SIT 289 (8) were the predominant ones. Our study proved that 3 Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages, namely; the ancient, intermediate between the modern lineages as well as modern were identified. Besides, considerable clustering was seen, which indicates the presence of current TB transmission in the study areas.
Author Keywords: Ethiopia, Lineages, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, SIT, Tuberculosis, Typing.
How to Cite this Article
Araya Mengistu, Fikre Enquselassie, Elena Hailu, Abraham Aseffa, and Demissew Beyene, “Identification and Characterization of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Isolates from Cattle Owners in North Western and North Eastern Parts of Rural Ethiopia,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 85–94, January 2015.
