[ Effet des écartements de haricot associé au maïs et des composantes de non labour aux alentours des zones riveraines du Lac Kivu ]
Volume 38, Issue 2, December 2022, Pages 481–511
Batenchi Bulambaire Dadier1
1 Institut Supérieur Pédagogique et Technique de Goma, ISPT GOMA, Province du Nord Kivu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2022 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
South Kivu is heavily influenced by East African supply chains and sources of knowledge, importing inputs and beans and maize is proving essential for clearances especially in the fields of experimentation in the riparian areas of Lake Kivu where even the fish are associated with agriculture for a good yield. In the DRC, intercropping systems are of paramount importance, particularly in the mountainous Kivu region where more than 80% of bean production by small farmers comes from intercropping on small areas. This practice is dictated by socio-economic and physical considerations, the scarcity of arable land, etc.; but also, the concern for the optimal exploitation of the land. But this practice also complicates the practice of weeding while reducing the yield of each associated crop. This is how our work set itself the objective of studying the effects of the spacings of the bean associated with the maize and of the no-till components in the riparian areas of Lake Kivu, in South Kivu, it being assumed that the spacings low weeding requirements would be reduced by improving the cover of the maize rows. To do this, a trial was carried out in and the device used was the split-plot with 3 repetitions and 36 plots. The main factor was made up of bean spacings with the variants 20x10, 20x20 and 20x30 cm and the secondary factor was that of the no-till components having as their objects plowing, mulching after plowing, mulching without plowing and the no-till plot. straw serving as control. The plots had 210 corn plants over 45m2 and the sub-plots 70 corn plants over 15m2. The results obtained attested that the components of no tillage generally influenced the yield in beans and also in maize because they presented the highest yield in maize 1.93 t / ha and in beans 2, 3 t/ha for maize. Combinations including plowing and mulching have the best returns, regardless of bean spacing. The rate of return is highest when no plowing or mulching is done, otherwise when sowing directly on the substrate without disturbing it. Indeed, field work can present costs ranging from $277 to $805 per hectare for average total revenues of $905 per hectare.
Author Keywords: Clearances, productivity, no-till components, riparian zone, association.
Volume 38, Issue 2, December 2022, Pages 481–511
Batenchi Bulambaire Dadier1
1 Institut Supérieur Pédagogique et Technique de Goma, ISPT GOMA, Province du Nord Kivu, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2022 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
South Kivu is heavily influenced by East African supply chains and sources of knowledge, importing inputs and beans and maize is proving essential for clearances especially in the fields of experimentation in the riparian areas of Lake Kivu where even the fish are associated with agriculture for a good yield. In the DRC, intercropping systems are of paramount importance, particularly in the mountainous Kivu region where more than 80% of bean production by small farmers comes from intercropping on small areas. This practice is dictated by socio-economic and physical considerations, the scarcity of arable land, etc.; but also, the concern for the optimal exploitation of the land. But this practice also complicates the practice of weeding while reducing the yield of each associated crop. This is how our work set itself the objective of studying the effects of the spacings of the bean associated with the maize and of the no-till components in the riparian areas of Lake Kivu, in South Kivu, it being assumed that the spacings low weeding requirements would be reduced by improving the cover of the maize rows. To do this, a trial was carried out in and the device used was the split-plot with 3 repetitions and 36 plots. The main factor was made up of bean spacings with the variants 20x10, 20x20 and 20x30 cm and the secondary factor was that of the no-till components having as their objects plowing, mulching after plowing, mulching without plowing and the no-till plot. straw serving as control. The plots had 210 corn plants over 45m2 and the sub-plots 70 corn plants over 15m2. The results obtained attested that the components of no tillage generally influenced the yield in beans and also in maize because they presented the highest yield in maize 1.93 t / ha and in beans 2, 3 t/ha for maize. Combinations including plowing and mulching have the best returns, regardless of bean spacing. The rate of return is highest when no plowing or mulching is done, otherwise when sowing directly on the substrate without disturbing it. Indeed, field work can present costs ranging from $277 to $805 per hectare for average total revenues of $905 per hectare.
Author Keywords: Clearances, productivity, no-till components, riparian zone, association.
Abstract: (french)
Le Sud-Kivu est fortement influencé par les chaînes d’approvisionnement et les sources de connaissances de l’Afrique de l’Est, l’importation d’intrants et des haricots et des maïs s’avère indispensable pour les écartements surtout dans les champs d’expérimentation dans les zones riveraines du Lac Kivu ou mêmes les poissons sont associés à l’agriculture pour un bon rendement. En RDC les systèmes d’association des cultures revêtent une importance capitale, particulièrement dans la région du Kivu montagneux où plus de 80% de la production du haricot par des petits fermiers provient d’une association des cultures sur des petites superficies. Cette pratique est dictée par des considérations d’ordre socio-économique, physique, la rareté des terres cultivables, etc; mais aussi le souci de l’exploitation optimale des terres. Mais cette pratique complique aussi la pratique des sarclages tout en réduisant le rendement de chaque culture associée. C’est ainsi que notre travail s’est fixé comme objectif d’étudier les effets des écartements du haricot associé aux maïs et des composantes de non-labour dans les zones riveraines du Lac Kivu, au Sud-Kivu, étant supposé que des écartements faibles permettraient de réduire les besoins de sarclage par amélioration du couvert des interlignes de maïs. Pour ce faire un essai a été réalisé et le dispositif utilisé était le split-plot avec 3 répétitions et 36 parcelles. Le facteur principal était constitué des écartements de haricots avec comme variantes 20x10, 20x20 et 20x30 cm et le facteur secondaire était celui des composantes de non labour ayant pour objets le labour, le paillage après labour, le paillage sans labour et la parcelle non labouré ni paillée servant de témoin. Les parcelles comptaient 210 pieds de maïs sur 45m2 et les sous-parcelles 70 pieds de maïs sur 15m2. Les résultats obtenus ont attesté que les composantes de non labour ont influencé de manière générale le rendement chez le haricot et aussi chez le maïs car elles ont présenté le rendement le plus élevés chez le maïs 1,93 t /ha et chez le haricot 2,3 t/ha pour le maïs. Les combinaisons incluant le labour et le paillage présentent les meilleures recettes, quels que soit les écartements de haricot. Le taux de rentabilité est la plus élevée quand on ne fait ni labour ni paillage, autrement quand on sème directement sur le substrat sans le déranger. En effet, les travaux de terrains peuvent présenter des coûts allant de 277 à 805$ par hectare pour des recettes totales moyennes de 905$ par hectare.
Author Keywords: Écartements, productivité, composantes de non-labour, zone riveraine, association.
How to Cite this Article
Batenchi Bulambaire Dadier, “Effect of bean gaps associated with maize and no-till components around the riparian areas of Lake Kivu,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 481–511, December 2022.
