[ Diversité de systèmes de productions agricoles et de pratiques paysannes de gestion de la fertilité des sols dans les exploitations maïsicoles à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso ]
Volume 32, Issue 4, May 2021, Pages 531–544
Ouédraogo Eric1, GNANKAMBARY Zacharia2, Pouya Mathias Bouinzemwendé3, Sawadogo Abdoulaye4, and Nacro Bismarck Hassan5
1 Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche sur la Fertilité du sol (LERF), Institut du Développement Rural (IDR), Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
2 Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA), Burkina Faso
3 Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA), Burkina Faso
4 Centre Agricole Polyvalent de Matourkou, BP: 130 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
5 Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche sur la Fertilité du sol (LERF), Institut du Développement Rural (IDR), Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
Original language: French
Copyright © 2021 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Understanding farmers soil fertility management practices allow to conduct efficiently agricultural development programs and appropriate researches. This study was conducted in western Burkina Faso, in the Hauts-Bassins and Boucle du Mouhoun regions. The objective is to determine agricultural production systems and farmers soil fertility management practices on corn farms. The analysis of diversity was carried out by surveys in the form of individual interviews administrated to 100 maize productors. Ultimately, depending on production systems, farming practices and geographic position, three types of maize farms have been identified: scrubland fields which represent 81% of maize farms and which have the lowest yields (1784 ± 640 kg / ha); the village fields representing 12% with a yield of 2250 ± 899 kg / ha and finally the shebang fields representing 7% with a yield of 2529 ± 787 kg / ha. Among the cultural operations, plowing and weeding are carried out by harnessing. Regarding organic fertilization, 43.7% of farmers use compost made from various domestic substrates. The fertilization regimes in the scrubland fields, village fields and shebang fields were respectively 12, 6 and 4. The fertilization regime of 150 kg / ha of NPK + 50 kg / ha of urea corresponding to the dose recommended on cotton is the most common. The high number of fertilization regimes negatively influenced the yields in the bush fields. Thus, the yield by type of field was strongly correlated with farmers organo-mineral fertilization practices (r> 0.60). The intakes of the doses of NPK are fractionated unlike those of urea. The main source of fertilizer supply for farmers (67.8%) is cooperative credit.
Author Keywords: Farmers practices, Maize, Fertilization, Shebang field, Village field, scrubland field, Burkina Faso.
Volume 32, Issue 4, May 2021, Pages 531–544
Ouédraogo Eric1, GNANKAMBARY Zacharia2, Pouya Mathias Bouinzemwendé3, Sawadogo Abdoulaye4, and Nacro Bismarck Hassan5
1 Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche sur la Fertilité du sol (LERF), Institut du Développement Rural (IDR), Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
2 Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA), Burkina Faso
3 Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA), Burkina Faso
4 Centre Agricole Polyvalent de Matourkou, BP: 130 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
5 Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche sur la Fertilité du sol (LERF), Institut du Développement Rural (IDR), Université Nazi Boni, 01 BP 1091 Bobo-Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso
Original language: French
Copyright © 2021 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Understanding farmers soil fertility management practices allow to conduct efficiently agricultural development programs and appropriate researches. This study was conducted in western Burkina Faso, in the Hauts-Bassins and Boucle du Mouhoun regions. The objective is to determine agricultural production systems and farmers soil fertility management practices on corn farms. The analysis of diversity was carried out by surveys in the form of individual interviews administrated to 100 maize productors. Ultimately, depending on production systems, farming practices and geographic position, three types of maize farms have been identified: scrubland fields which represent 81% of maize farms and which have the lowest yields (1784 ± 640 kg / ha); the village fields representing 12% with a yield of 2250 ± 899 kg / ha and finally the shebang fields representing 7% with a yield of 2529 ± 787 kg / ha. Among the cultural operations, plowing and weeding are carried out by harnessing. Regarding organic fertilization, 43.7% of farmers use compost made from various domestic substrates. The fertilization regimes in the scrubland fields, village fields and shebang fields were respectively 12, 6 and 4. The fertilization regime of 150 kg / ha of NPK + 50 kg / ha of urea corresponding to the dose recommended on cotton is the most common. The high number of fertilization regimes negatively influenced the yields in the bush fields. Thus, the yield by type of field was strongly correlated with farmers organo-mineral fertilization practices (r> 0.60). The intakes of the doses of NPK are fractionated unlike those of urea. The main source of fertilizer supply for farmers (67.8%) is cooperative credit.
Author Keywords: Farmers practices, Maize, Fertilization, Shebang field, Village field, scrubland field, Burkina Faso.
Abstract: (french)
La compréhension des pratiques paysannes de gestion de la fertilité des sols permet de conduire efficacement des recherches appropriées, et des programmes de développement agricoles. Cette étude a été conduite à l’Ouest du Burkina Faso, dans les régions des Hauts-Bassins et de la Boucle du Mouhoun. L’objectif est de déterminer les systèmes de productions agricoles et les pratiques paysannes de gestion de la fertilité des sols dans les exploitations maïsicoles. L’analyse de la diversité a été réalisée par enquêtes sous la forme d’interviews individuelles, auprès de 100 producteurs de maïs. A` terme, suivant les systèmes de production, les pratiques paysannes et la position géographique, trois types d’exploitation de maïs ont été identifiés: les champs de brousse qui représentent 81% des exploitations maïsicoles et qui ont les plus faibles rendements (1784 ± 640 kg/ha), les champs de village représentant 12% avec un rendement de 2250 ± 899 kg/ha, et enfin les champs de case représentant 7% avec les rendements les plus élevés de 2529± 787 kg/ha. Parmi les opérations culturales, le labour et le sarclage sont effectuées à la traction animale. Concernant la fertilisation organique, 43,7% des producteurs utilisent le compost à base de substrats domestiques divers. Le nombre de régimes de fertilisation répertoriés dans les champs de brousse, les champs de village et les champs de case ont été respectivement de 12, 6 et 4. Le régime de fertilisation de 150 kg/ha de NPK+50 kg/ha d’urée correspondant à la dose recommandée sur le cotonnier, est le plus rependu. Le nombre élevé de régimes de fertilisation a influencé négativement les rendements dans les champs de brousse. Ainsi, le rendement par type de champ était fortement corrélé aux pratiques paysannes de fertilisation organo-minérale (r> 0,60). Les apports des doses de NPK sont fractionnés contrairement à celles de l’urée. La principale source d’approvisionnement en engrais des producteurs est le crédit coopérative (67,8%).
Author Keywords: Pratiques paysannes, Maïs, Fertilisation, Champ de case, Champ de village, champ de brousse, Burkina Faso.
How to Cite this Article
Ouédraogo Eric, GNANKAMBARY Zacharia, Pouya Mathias Bouinzemwendé, Sawadogo Abdoulaye, and Nacro Bismarck Hassan, “Diversity of agricultural production systems and farmers soil fertility management practices in corn farms in western Burkina Faso,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 531–544, May 2021.
