[ Influence des systèmes de culture sur l’incidence et sévérité de la mosaïque africaine du manioc en localité de Kivira (Nord-Kivu, RD Congo) ]
Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2022, Pages 435–448
Musubao Kapiri Moïse1, Kambale Muhesi Eloge2, Kambale Kataliko Moïse3, Kahambu Mbafumoja Florence4, Paluku Kanyere Dieudonné5, Muhindo Saiba Difo6, and Paluku Musivirwa Jean Paul7
1 Département des Eaux et Forêts, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques (FSA), Université Catholique du Graben (UCG-Butembo), BP 29, Ville de Butembo, RD Congo
2 Assistant, Institut Superieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières, Butembo, Nord Kivu, RD Congo
3 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Butembo), BP 421, Ville de Butembo, RD Congo
4 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Butembo), Ville de Butembo, RD Congo
5 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Butembo), Butembo, RD Congo
6 Institut d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières de Butembo, Nord Kivu, RD Congo
7 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Kirumba), Territoire de Lubero, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2022 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
At present, vegetatively propagated crops are susceptible to virus infection, and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is no exception to this generalization. It is in this context that the major concern in Africa has turned to the virus that induces African mosaic. Indeed, African Cassava Mosaic is a major constraint to cassava production due to its implications in dramatically increasing yield losses. In the perspective of setting up strategies to fight against this pandemic, the objective of this research is to study the influence of cropping systems on the degree of susceptibility of Cassava to African Mosaic (MAM) in the locality of Kivira. To achieve this objective, 90 fields were chosen randomly and this because of 30 monoculture fields based on cassava, 30 fields based on cropping associations and 30 fields where cassava is integrated with trees of species forests. The incidence, severity and Symptom Severity Index (SGI) of African Cassava Mosaic were observed in each field. In total, 7820 cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) were evaluated on all the fields studied. At the end of this study, the results show a very highly significant difference in the number of diseased plants, the incidence and the severity of MAM depending on the cropping systems and cultivars (p-value < 0.05). In the monoculture, we observe a high number of diseased plants with an average of 7.8 plants against 3.9 plants for the association and 2 for the agroforests. The average incidence of African cassava mosaic is 39.52% in monoculture, 22.36% in crop associations and 12.10% in agroforestry systems. The severity values are respectively 20.79% for monoculture, 10.4% for association and 5.73% for agroforestry systems. In view of the results of this study, the extension as well as the adoption by farmers of approaches based on agroforestry can constitute an important pillar for the diversification of production while reducing the effects of African mosaic on cassava cultivation in tropical Africa.
Author Keywords: Cropping systems, agroforestry, incidence, African mosaic, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and locality of Kivira.
Volume 36, Issue 2, May 2022, Pages 435–448
Musubao Kapiri Moïse1, Kambale Muhesi Eloge2, Kambale Kataliko Moïse3, Kahambu Mbafumoja Florence4, Paluku Kanyere Dieudonné5, Muhindo Saiba Difo6, and Paluku Musivirwa Jean Paul7
1 Département des Eaux et Forêts, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques (FSA), Université Catholique du Graben (UCG-Butembo), BP 29, Ville de Butembo, RD Congo
2 Assistant, Institut Superieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières, Butembo, Nord Kivu, RD Congo
3 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Butembo), BP 421, Ville de Butembo, RD Congo
4 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Butembo), Ville de Butembo, RD Congo
5 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Butembo), Butembo, RD Congo
6 Institut d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières de Butembo, Nord Kivu, RD Congo
7 Institut Supérieur d’Etudes Agronomiques, Vétérinaires et Forestières (ISEAVF-Kirumba), Territoire de Lubero, RD Congo
Original language: French
Copyright © 2022 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
At present, vegetatively propagated crops are susceptible to virus infection, and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is no exception to this generalization. It is in this context that the major concern in Africa has turned to the virus that induces African mosaic. Indeed, African Cassava Mosaic is a major constraint to cassava production due to its implications in dramatically increasing yield losses. In the perspective of setting up strategies to fight against this pandemic, the objective of this research is to study the influence of cropping systems on the degree of susceptibility of Cassava to African Mosaic (MAM) in the locality of Kivira. To achieve this objective, 90 fields were chosen randomly and this because of 30 monoculture fields based on cassava, 30 fields based on cropping associations and 30 fields where cassava is integrated with trees of species forests. The incidence, severity and Symptom Severity Index (SGI) of African Cassava Mosaic were observed in each field. In total, 7820 cassava plants (Manihot esculenta Crantz) were evaluated on all the fields studied. At the end of this study, the results show a very highly significant difference in the number of diseased plants, the incidence and the severity of MAM depending on the cropping systems and cultivars (p-value < 0.05). In the monoculture, we observe a high number of diseased plants with an average of 7.8 plants against 3.9 plants for the association and 2 for the agroforests. The average incidence of African cassava mosaic is 39.52% in monoculture, 22.36% in crop associations and 12.10% in agroforestry systems. The severity values are respectively 20.79% for monoculture, 10.4% for association and 5.73% for agroforestry systems. In view of the results of this study, the extension as well as the adoption by farmers of approaches based on agroforestry can constitute an important pillar for the diversification of production while reducing the effects of African mosaic on cassava cultivation in tropical Africa.
Author Keywords: Cropping systems, agroforestry, incidence, African mosaic, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and locality of Kivira.
Abstract: (french)
A l’heure actuelle, les cultures propagées végétativement sont susceptibles à l’infection des virus, et le manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) ne fait pas exception à cette généralisation. C’est dans ce contexte que la préoccupation majeure en Afrique s’est tournée vers le virus qui induit la mosaïque africaine. En effet, la mosaïque africaine du manioc constitue une contrainte majeure de la production du manioc en raison de ses implications dans l’augmentation considérable des pertes de rendement. Dans la perspective de mise en place des stratégies de lutte contre cette pandémie, l’objectif de cette recherche est d’étudier l’influence de systèmes de culture sur le degré de sensibilité du manioc à la mosaïque africaine (MAM) en localité de Kivira. Pour atteindre cette objectif, 90 champs ont été choisis d’une manière aléatoire et cela en raison de 30 champs de monoculture à base de manioc, 30 champs à base d’associations culturales et 30 champs où le manioc est intégré aux arbres d’espèces forestières. L’incidence, la sévérité et l’indice de Gravité de Symptômes (IGS) de la mosaïque africaine de manioc ont été observés dans chaque champ. Au total, 7820 plants de manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) ont été évalués sur l’ensemble de champs étudiés. A l’issu de cette étude, les résultats montrent une différence très hautement significative du nombre de plants malades, de l’incidence et de la sévérité de la MAM en fonction des systèmes de culture et des cultivars (p-value < 0,05). Dans la monoculture, on observe un nombre élevé de plants malades avec une moyenne de 7,8 plants contre 3,9 plants pour l’association et 2 pour les agroforêts. La moyenne de l’incidence de la mosaïque africaine de manioc est de 39,52 % en monoculture, 22,36 % en associations de culture et 12,10 % en systèmes agroforestiers. Les valeurs de la sévérité valent respectivement 20,79 % pour la monoculture, 10,4 % pour l’association et 5,73 % pour les systèmes agroforestiers. Au regard des résultats de cette étude, la vulgarisation ainsi que l’adoption par les agriculteurs des approches basées sur l’agroforesterie peuvent constituer un pilier important pour la diversification de la production tout en réduisant les effets de la mosaïque africaine sur la culture de manioc en Afrique tropicale.
Author Keywords: Systèmes de culture, agroforesterie, incidence, mosaïque africaine, manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz) et localité de Kivira.
How to Cite this Article
Musubao Kapiri Moïse, Kambale Muhesi Eloge, Kambale Kataliko Moïse, Kahambu Mbafumoja Florence, Paluku Kanyere Dieudonné, Muhindo Saiba Difo, and Paluku Musivirwa Jean Paul, “Influence of cropping systems on the incidence and severity of African Cassava Mosaic in the locality of Kivira (North-Kivu, DR Congo),” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 435–448, May 2022.
