Roseline Josée Monsan Yapo1, Constant Edi2, Bernard Loukou Kouassi3, Constant Guy N’guessan Gbalegba4, Firmain N’dri Yokoly5, Armand Kouassi Ekra6, Ndombour Gning Cissé7, Joseph Chabi8, Emmanuel Tia9, Benjamin Guibéhi Koudou10, and Grégoire Yapi Yapi11
1 Centre d’Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
2 Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en , Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoi, Côte d’Ivoire
3 PMI Vectorlink Project, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
4 PMI Vectorlink Project, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
5 Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en , Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoi, Côte d’Ivoire
6 Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en , Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoi, Côte d’Ivoire
7 PMI Vectorlink Project, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
8 Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP), Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
9 Centre d’Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire de l’Université Alassane Ouattara de Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
10 Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en , Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoi, Côte d’Ivoire
11 Centre d’Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire
Original language: English
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Abstract
To reduce malaria-related morbidity and mortality in Côte d’Ivoire, the National Malaria Control Program selected Indoor Residual Spraying as a complementary strategy to long-lasting insecticide-treated nets widely distributed in the country. As such, the current study was conducted to collect baseline information before IRS from May 2019 to August 2020 and to evaluate its effect on entomological parameters of malaria transmission from September 2020 to August 2021 after the intervention in Nassian, a high malaria endemic district of Côte d’Ivoire. Vectors were identified both morphologically and molecularly. the parity rate and the presence of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite was determined. A total of 7,401 females of Anopheles were collected, of which 73.4 % before IRS and 26.6 % after IRS. Anopheles gambiae s.s. (85.2 %), An. funestus s.l. (14.2 %), An. nili (0.3%) and of An. pharoensis (0.3%) were collected. In baseline, the mean biting rate of Anopheles gambiae s.s was 17.5 bites/person/night. The mean parity rate was 81.5% with an average entomological inoculation rate of 1.2 infective bites/person/night. However, after IRS implementation, these parameters decreased respectivelly to 6.1 bites/person/night, the parity rate to 69.3 % and the EIR to 0.2 infective bites /person/night. A significant decrease of all entomological parameters was observed after the implementation of the IRS showing the positive effect of IRS on the vectors. However, following monitoring should be required including an epidemiological assessment to support the impact that was observed. This will guide the National Malaria Control Programme for future decision making and advocacy.
Author Keywords: Malaria, Anopheles gambiae, IRS, Nassian, Côte d’Ivoire.
