[ Étude comparative entre le système goutte à goutte de surface et le système enterré pour l'irrigation d'une culture de pomme de terre ]
Volume 6, Issue 4, July 2014, Pages 860–870
Hédi BEN ALI1, Moncef HAMMAMI2, Rachid BOUKCHINA3, and Ahmed SAIDI4
1 Agence de promotion des investissements agricoles, 6000 Gabès, Tunisie
2 Université de Carthage/Ecole supérieure d'Agriculture de Mateur, 7030, Tunisie
3 Institut des Régions Arides, 6000 Gabès, Tunisie
4 Université de Carthage/Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Cité Mahrajène, 1082 Tunis, Tunisie
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Subsurface irrigation system is one of promising techniques for better valorization of water irrigation particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. This irrigation system is characterized by low, frequent and localized water supplies within the root zone. Researchers conducted in relation to subsurface irrigation are unanimous about its several benefits, which explain its rapid expansion across the world. However, its implementation in Tunisia is still very limited. In order to identify the performance of subsurface irrigation system (SDI) under arid conditions of southern Tunisia, a comparative experimental study (between this system and the drip irrigation system (DI)) was conducted within the experimental station of the Institute of Arid Regions-Chenchou (Gabes), in a potato plot. The experimental protocol consisted of eight treatments:
a)- Two treatments with the DI system : T1 (q = 4 l/h) and T2 (q = 2 l/h).
b)- Six treatments with the SDI system: emitters of different flow rates (4 l/h and 2 l/h) and laterals buried at three depths (10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm) .
Results show that water content within the root zone was always higher under SDI system and that its fluctuation is especially more restricted than that recorded under DI system. This could explain high irrigation efficiency values recorded with SDI treatments where laterals buried at 15 cm depth's have generated the highest water productivity. However, for laterals buried at 20 cm depth's and with emitters delivering 4 l/h, deep water percolation is more evident. Nevertheless, these results obtained during a single season, are still preliminary and could not be so reliable in order to give suitable recommendations on the appropriateness of this irrigation technique, but support to carry on these trials under other conditions (other soil types, different crops and other climates) of Tunisia.
Author Keywords: Drip irrigation, Subsurface irrigation, Water efficiency.
Volume 6, Issue 4, July 2014, Pages 860–870
Hédi BEN ALI1, Moncef HAMMAMI2, Rachid BOUKCHINA3, and Ahmed SAIDI4
1 Agence de promotion des investissements agricoles, 6000 Gabès, Tunisie
2 Université de Carthage/Ecole supérieure d'Agriculture de Mateur, 7030, Tunisie
3 Institut des Régions Arides, 6000 Gabès, Tunisie
4 Université de Carthage/Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Cité Mahrajène, 1082 Tunis, Tunisie
Original language: French
Copyright © 2014 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Subsurface irrigation system is one of promising techniques for better valorization of water irrigation particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. This irrigation system is characterized by low, frequent and localized water supplies within the root zone. Researchers conducted in relation to subsurface irrigation are unanimous about its several benefits, which explain its rapid expansion across the world. However, its implementation in Tunisia is still very limited. In order to identify the performance of subsurface irrigation system (SDI) under arid conditions of southern Tunisia, a comparative experimental study (between this system and the drip irrigation system (DI)) was conducted within the experimental station of the Institute of Arid Regions-Chenchou (Gabes), in a potato plot. The experimental protocol consisted of eight treatments:
a)- Two treatments with the DI system : T1 (q = 4 l/h) and T2 (q = 2 l/h).
b)- Six treatments with the SDI system: emitters of different flow rates (4 l/h and 2 l/h) and laterals buried at three depths (10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm) .
Results show that water content within the root zone was always higher under SDI system and that its fluctuation is especially more restricted than that recorded under DI system. This could explain high irrigation efficiency values recorded with SDI treatments where laterals buried at 15 cm depth's have generated the highest water productivity. However, for laterals buried at 20 cm depth's and with emitters delivering 4 l/h, deep water percolation is more evident. Nevertheless, these results obtained during a single season, are still preliminary and could not be so reliable in order to give suitable recommendations on the appropriateness of this irrigation technique, but support to carry on these trials under other conditions (other soil types, different crops and other climates) of Tunisia.
Author Keywords: Drip irrigation, Subsurface irrigation, Water efficiency.
Abstract: (french)
Le système d'irrigation localisée enterrée (ou Sub-irrigation) est une des techniques prometteuses pour une meilleure valorisation de l'eau d'irrigation particulièrement dans les régions arides et semi-arides. Ce système est caractérisé par des apports d'eau faibles, fréquents et localisés au niveau de la zone racinaire. Les travaux de recherche menés dans ce sens sont unanimes quant aux avantages multiples de ce système d'irrigation, ce qui explique son extension rapide à travers le monde. Toutefois, sa mise en application en Tunisie est encore très limitée. Dans le but de dégager les performances du système d'irrigation localisée enterrée (SDI) dans les conditions arides du sud tunisien, une étude expérimentale comparative (entre ce système et la technique d'irrigation goutte à goutte de surface (DI)) a été réalisée à la station expérimentale de l'Institut des Régions Arides à Chenchou (Gabès), dans une parcelle de pomme de terre d'arrière-saison.
Le protocole expérimental comprenait huit traitements:
a)-Deux traitements avec le système DI : T1 (q = 4 l/h) et T2 (q = 2 l/h).
b)-Six traitements avec le système SDI : Des goutteurs de débits différents (4 l/h et 2 l/h) et pour trois profondeurs d'emplacement des rampes (10 cm, 15 cm et 20 cm).
Les résultats montrent que la teneur en eau dans la zone racinaire était toujours plus élevée sous le système SDI et surtout fluctue dans un intervalle plus restreint que celui enregistré sous le système DI. Ce qui pourrait expliquer entre autres les valeurs élevées de l'efficience de l'eau d'irrigation enregistrée avec les traitements SDI où les rampes enterrées à 15 cm ont engendré les meilleures productivités de l'eau. Mais, pour les rampes enterrées à 20 cm avec des goutteurs de 4 l/h, les risques de pertes par percolation sont plus évidents.
Toutefois, ces résultats obtenus à la suite d'une seule campagne agricole sont encore préliminaires et ne pourraient pas être si fiables pour pouvoir décerner des recommandations quant à l'opportunité de cette technique d'irrigation, mais incitent à poursuivre ces essais dans d'autres conditions (autres types de sol, différentes cultures et autres climats) de la Tunisie.
Author Keywords: Irrigation goutte à goutte, Irrigation localisée enterrée, Efficience de l'eau.
How to Cite this Article
Hédi BEN ALI, Moncef HAMMAMI, Rachid BOUKCHINA, and Ahmed SAIDI, “Comparative study between surface and subsurface drip irrigation systems: Case of potato crop,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 860–870, July 2014.
