Volume 12, Issue 4, September 2015, Pages 954–960
Saad Saeed1, Sadiq Hussain2, Sana Sajjad3, Hassan Javed4, Omar Shahkar5, and Umair Ahmad6
1 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
2 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
3 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
4 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
5 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
6 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
Original language: English
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This work investigates carbon monoxide content of smoke emitted by various local and imported cigarette brands sold in Pakistani markets. Flue gas analyzer IMR 2800-p was used to analyze the smoke by using the bottle method. Nox, Sox and lower explosion limits of smoke was also obtained. The results showed clear distinction between local and imported brands as far as CO content was concerned. Almost all of the local brands exceeded the allowable limit of 20 ppm by a large margin. Cigar was also analyzed and its CO content also exceeded the allowable limit. There is a dire need to investigate these local brands by highly efficient and precise instruments to protect the masses from their harmful effects. Because Pakistan is a poor country, consumers of local brands far outnumber those of imported brands. Cigarette smoking is in itself very harmful but smoking these local brands which don't comply with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for tobacco and tobacco products and regulations can only hasten the journey towards disaster.
Author Keywords: Cigarette, Carbon monoxide, carboxyhemoglobin, cigar, Pakistan.
Saad Saeed1, Sadiq Hussain2, Sana Sajjad3, Hassan Javed4, Omar Shahkar5, and Umair Ahmad6
1 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
2 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
3 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
4 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
5 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
6 Chemical Department, NFC Institute of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
Original language: English
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This work investigates carbon monoxide content of smoke emitted by various local and imported cigarette brands sold in Pakistani markets. Flue gas analyzer IMR 2800-p was used to analyze the smoke by using the bottle method. Nox, Sox and lower explosion limits of smoke was also obtained. The results showed clear distinction between local and imported brands as far as CO content was concerned. Almost all of the local brands exceeded the allowable limit of 20 ppm by a large margin. Cigar was also analyzed and its CO content also exceeded the allowable limit. There is a dire need to investigate these local brands by highly efficient and precise instruments to protect the masses from their harmful effects. Because Pakistan is a poor country, consumers of local brands far outnumber those of imported brands. Cigarette smoking is in itself very harmful but smoking these local brands which don't comply with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for tobacco and tobacco products and regulations can only hasten the journey towards disaster.
Author Keywords: Cigarette, Carbon monoxide, carboxyhemoglobin, cigar, Pakistan.
How to Cite this Article
Saad Saeed, Sadiq Hussain, Sana Sajjad, Hassan Javed, Omar Shahkar, and Umair Ahmad, “Comparison of Carbon Monoxide Content of various Local, Imported and International Brands of Cigarettes and Cigar Available in Pakistan,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 954–960, September 2015.
