[ Pratiques sylvicoles des pasteurs transhumants dans les agroforêts sèches du Nord Cameroun (Afrique centrale) ]
Volume 13, Issue 3, November 2015, Pages 643–655
Jules BALNA1, Bernard GONNE2, OUMAROU PALOU Madi3, and TEWECHE Abel4
1 Section Forêt, Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Maroua, Cameroon
2 Département de Géographie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Maroua, Cameroun
3 Section Forêt, Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Maroua, Cameroun
4 Département de Géographie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Maroua, Cameroun
Original language: French
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This study explores the silvicultural practices transhumant pastoralists in dry agroforests of North Cameroon where trees are pruned annually. Indeed at the insufficient fodder, especially nitrogen in the dry season, it becomes increasingly difficult for these farmers to exercise their pastoral activity. Therefore, they will develop sound silvicultural technicals with a view to sustain their farming system. To understand these practices, forest and agroforestry inventory surveys were conducted in both forage areas, Mozogo and Tolkomari previously defined for this purpose. Thus, the frequency, the intensity of pruning and pruning part of the crown were appreciated. Dendrometric measures the height and diameter of the branches to low scales, medium and high crown made. Their analysis reveals that 95% of individuals were harvested annually with an intensity of between 75 to 100% of the cut crown. This pruning is part oriented on 50% of fodder trees. The average height of cut trees is 8, 1 plus or minus 2, 76 meters. Over 88% of the trees, all species are operated from 5 meters. As to their diameter, the cut branches are located between 1, 5 and 6, 66 centimeters. This selection reflects sound management of tree resources with a view to perpetuate a pastoral system centered on the border transhumance.
Author Keywords: parkland, pruning, mobile livestock, fodder, north cameroon.
Volume 13, Issue 3, November 2015, Pages 643–655
Jules BALNA1, Bernard GONNE2, OUMAROU PALOU Madi3, and TEWECHE Abel4
1 Section Forêt, Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Maroua, Cameroon
2 Département de Géographie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Maroua, Cameroun
3 Section Forêt, Institut de Recherche Agricole pour le Développement (IRAD), Maroua, Cameroun
4 Département de Géographie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université de Maroua, Cameroun
Original language: French
Copyright © 2015 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
This study explores the silvicultural practices transhumant pastoralists in dry agroforests of North Cameroon where trees are pruned annually. Indeed at the insufficient fodder, especially nitrogen in the dry season, it becomes increasingly difficult for these farmers to exercise their pastoral activity. Therefore, they will develop sound silvicultural technicals with a view to sustain their farming system. To understand these practices, forest and agroforestry inventory surveys were conducted in both forage areas, Mozogo and Tolkomari previously defined for this purpose. Thus, the frequency, the intensity of pruning and pruning part of the crown were appreciated. Dendrometric measures the height and diameter of the branches to low scales, medium and high crown made. Their analysis reveals that 95% of individuals were harvested annually with an intensity of between 75 to 100% of the cut crown. This pruning is part oriented on 50% of fodder trees. The average height of cut trees is 8, 1 plus or minus 2, 76 meters. Over 88% of the trees, all species are operated from 5 meters. As to their diameter, the cut branches are located between 1, 5 and 6, 66 centimeters. This selection reflects sound management of tree resources with a view to perpetuate a pastoral system centered on the border transhumance.
Author Keywords: parkland, pruning, mobile livestock, fodder, north cameroon.
Abstract: (french)
La présente étude explore les pratiques sylvicoles des pasteurs transhumants dans les agroforêts sèches du Nord Cameroun où les arbres sont annuellement émondés. En effet face à l'insuffisance du fourrage, surtout azoté en saison sèche, il devient de plus en plus difficile pour ces éleveurs d'exercer leur activité pastorale. C'est pourquoi, ils vont développer des techniques sylvicoles rationnelles dans l'optique de pérenniser leur système d'élevage. Pour appréhender ces pratiques, un inventaire forestier et des enquêtes agroforestières ont été effectués dans deux zones fourragères, Mozogo et Tolkomari, préalablement délimitées à cet effet. Ainsi, la fréquence, l'intensité de l'émondage et la partie du houppier à émonder ont été appréciées. Des mesures dendrométriques dont la hauteur et les diamètres des branches aux échelles basse, moyenne et haute du houppier ont été faites. Leur analyse révèle que 95% d'individus sont exploités annuellement avec une intensité comprise entre 75 à 100% du houppier coupé. Cet émondage est partiel orienté sur 50% des arbres fourragers. La moyenne des hauteurs des arbres coupés est de 8,1 plus ou moins 2,76 mètres. Plus de 88% des arbres, toutes espèces confondues, sont exploités à partir de 5 mètres. Quant à leur diamètre, les branches coupées sont situées entre 1,5 et 6,66 centimètres. Cette sélection traduit une gestion rationnelle de la ressource arborée dans l'optique de pérenniser un système pastoral centré sur la transhumance transfrontalière.
Author Keywords: Parcs arboré, Emondage, Elevage mobile, Fourrage, Nord-Cameroun.
How to Cite this Article
Jules BALNA, Bernard GONNE, OUMAROU PALOU Madi, and TEWECHE Abel, “Silvicultural practices transhumant pastoralists in dry agroforests of North Cameroon (Central Africa),” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 643–655, November 2015.
