[ DIVERSITE AGROGENETIQUE DES CULTIVARS LOCAUX DE NIEBE (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) A L’EXTREME-NORD DU CAMEROUN ]
Volume 17, Issue 1, July 2016, Pages 255–268
Bouba Djilé1, Ousmane Boukar2, Philippe Kosma3, Ange-Patrice Takoudjou Miafo4, and Ali Madi5
1 Department of Plants genetic and biotechnology, Agriculture Research for Development Institute (IRAD), P.O. Box 33 Maroua, Cameroon
2 Department of Plants genetic and biotechnology, Agriculture Research for Development Institute (IRAD), P.O. Box 33 Maroua, Cameroon
3 Department of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and by-Products, Higher Institute of the Sahel, University of Maroua, P.O. Box: 55 Maroua, Cameroon
4 Department of Biochemistry and Food Nutrition, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box: 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
5 Department of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and by-Products, Higher Institute of the Sahel, University of Maroua, P.O. Box: 55 Maroua, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
For improvement in cowpea production in Cameroon, the notice of diversity markers within traditional cowpea varieties are necessary. This study aims to identify the markers of agronomical and morphological diversity related to the production of local cowpea cultivars in the Far North Cameroon. 215 local cultivars were collected in the main cowpea production areas. Classifications of these cultivars were carried out based on the morphological characteristics of the seeds and phenotypic characteristics of plant cultivars. This work has confirmed the presence of a high diversity of seeds and cultivars. It appears that 6 phenotypical features of seeds and 5 morphotypical features of plants are critical in cowpea diversity. Late morphotypes (52.31%) and crawling (63.07%) plants with globular shape (57.04%) and white color (87.85%) of seeds are the most cultivated and the most diverse in the region. Cultivars of the Mayo-Sava locality have a significant up rate (64.15 %) and the highest yield of dry seeds (284.68 Kg / Ha) followed by those from Diamar
Author Keywords: cowpea cultivars, markers, morphotypical features, phenotypical features, local cowpea cultivars.
Volume 17, Issue 1, July 2016, Pages 255–268
Bouba Djilé1, Ousmane Boukar2, Philippe Kosma3, Ange-Patrice Takoudjou Miafo4, and Ali Madi5
1 Department of Plants genetic and biotechnology, Agriculture Research for Development Institute (IRAD), P.O. Box 33 Maroua, Cameroon
2 Department of Plants genetic and biotechnology, Agriculture Research for Development Institute (IRAD), P.O. Box 33 Maroua, Cameroon
3 Department of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and by-Products, Higher Institute of the Sahel, University of Maroua, P.O. Box: 55 Maroua, Cameroon
4 Department of Biochemistry and Food Nutrition, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box: 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
5 Department of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and by-Products, Higher Institute of the Sahel, University of Maroua, P.O. Box: 55 Maroua, Cameroon
Original language: French
Copyright © 2016 ISSR Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
For improvement in cowpea production in Cameroon, the notice of diversity markers within traditional cowpea varieties are necessary. This study aims to identify the markers of agronomical and morphological diversity related to the production of local cowpea cultivars in the Far North Cameroon. 215 local cultivars were collected in the main cowpea production areas. Classifications of these cultivars were carried out based on the morphological characteristics of the seeds and phenotypic characteristics of plant cultivars. This work has confirmed the presence of a high diversity of seeds and cultivars. It appears that 6 phenotypical features of seeds and 5 morphotypical features of plants are critical in cowpea diversity. Late morphotypes (52.31%) and crawling (63.07%) plants with globular shape (57.04%) and white color (87.85%) of seeds are the most cultivated and the most diverse in the region. Cultivars of the Mayo-Sava locality have a significant up rate (64.15 %) and the highest yield of dry seeds (284.68 Kg / Ha) followed by those from Diamar
Author Keywords: cowpea cultivars, markers, morphotypical features, phenotypical features, local cowpea cultivars.
Abstract: (french)
Les informations sur les marqueurs de la diversité au sein des variétés traditionnelles de niébé sont nécessaires pour améliorer leur production au Cameroun. Cette étude vise à déterminer les marqueurs de la diversité morphologique et agronomique des cultivars locaux de niébé à l’Extrême-Nord. Des investigations de collectes dans les localités de production du niébé ont permis de réunir 215 cultivars. Les classifications de ces cultivars ont été effectuées sur la base des caractéristiques morphologiques des graines et phénologiques des plants. Ce travail a permis de constater une forte diversité des cultivars. 6 traits phénotypiques des graines et 5 traits morphotypiques des plants marquent la diversité locale du niébé. Les Morphotypes tardifs (52,31%) et rampants (63,07%) avec des graines globulaires (57,04%) et blanches (87,85%) sont les plus cultivés et diversifiés dans la région. Les cultivars issus du Mayo-Sava ont un taux de levé important (64,15%) et le plus haut rendement en graines sèches (284,68 Kg/Ha) suivi de ceux du Diamaré (143,11 Kg/Ha). La réaction aux maladies est complexe car les cultivars résistants et sensibles sont présents dans toutes les localités. Les mycoses affectent le plus les plants de niébé et les insectes, les feuilles. Pour une amélioration de la production du niébé, il serait judicieux de choisir des cultivars de bonnes qualités agrophénotypiques comme les variétés précoces à haut rendement, résistantes aux maladies et insectes ravageurs des organes comestibles et préférables par la population. Ces cultivars pourront faire l’objet de vulgarisations pour une production importante du niébé dans la zone.
Author Keywords: cultivars de niébé, marqueurs, traits morphotypiques, traits phénotypiques, cultivars locaux.
How to Cite this Article
Bouba Djilé, Ousmane Boukar, Philippe Kosma, Ange-Patrice Takoudjou Miafo, and Ali Madi, “AGROGENETIC DIVERSITY OF LOCAL CULTIVARS OF COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) IN THE FAR-NORTH REGION OF CAMEROON,” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 255–268, July 2016.
